Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St., PO Box 1248, Ann Arbor, MI, 48106-1248, USA.
Prev Sci. 2023 Jul;24(5):852-862. doi: 10.1007/s11121-023-01491-8. Epub 2023 Jan 21.
It is important to examine normative age-related change in substance use risk factors across the lifespan, with research focusing on middle adulthood particularly needed. The current study examined time-varying associations between depressive symptoms and alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use from modal ages 35 to 55 in a national sample of US adults, overall and by sex. Data were obtained from 11,147 individuals in the longitudinal Monitoring the Future study. Participants were in 12 grade (modal age 18) in 1976-1982 and (for the data reported in this study) were surveyed again at modal ages 35 (in 1993-1999), 40, 45, 50, and 55 (in 2013-2019). Weighted time-varying effect modeling was used to examine age-related change in associations among depressive symptoms, any and heavy use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Across midlife, greater depressive symptoms were associated with decreased odds of any alcohol use during the 40 s and 50 s, but with increased odds of binge drinking from ages 35-40, and-at most ages-any and pack + cigarette use and any and frequent marijuana use. The association between depressive symptoms and substance use was generally similar for men and women. Results highlight the increased risk for binge drinking, smoking, and marijuana with higher levels of depressive symptoms and underscore the importance of screening and interventions for depressive symptoms and substance use in midlife.
研究关注中年期尤为重要，需要考察整个生命周期中物质使用风险因素的正常年龄相关变化。本研究在一个美国成年人的全国样本中，总体上和按性别，考察了从模式年龄 35 岁到 55 岁期间抑郁症状与酒精、香烟和大麻使用之间的时变关联。数据来自纵向监测未来研究中的 11147 个人。参与者在 1976-1982 年的 12 年级（模式年龄 18 岁），并且（对于本研究报告的数据）在模式年龄 35 岁（1993-1999 年）、40 岁、45 岁、50 岁和 55 岁（2013-2019 年）再次接受调查。加权时变效应建模用于检验抑郁症状、任何和大量使用香烟、酒精和大麻之间关联的年龄相关变化。在中年期间，更严重的抑郁症状与 40 多岁和 50 多岁期间任何酒精使用的几率降低相关，但与 35-40 岁期间的狂饮几率增加相关，并且在大多数年龄与任何和一包+香烟使用和任何和频繁大麻使用相关。抑郁症状与物质使用之间的关联在男性和女性中大致相似。研究结果强调了更高水平的抑郁症状与狂饮、吸烟和大麻使用的风险增加，并强调了在中年期对抑郁症状和物质使用进行筛查和干预的重要性。
