Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States.
Addict Behav. 2024 Mar;150:107909. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107909. Epub 2023 Nov 14.
We examined age-varying associations between young adult simultaneous alcohol and marijuana/cannabis use (SAM) and heavy episodic drinking (HED) and positive and negative affect to inform harm reduction efforts.
Young adults reporting past-year alcohol use (n = 556; ages 19-25) were recruited in a state where alcohol and nonmedical cannabis use was legal for those 21 +. Participants provided 24 repeated monthly assessments. Among those reporting past-month cannabis use on at least one survey, logistic time-varying effect models estimated (1) the age-varying prevalence of and associations between past-month SAM and HED and (2) age-varying unique associations of affect with SAM and HED.
There was a positive age-varying association between HED and SAM over time that was highest at age 19 (OR = 7.56), decreased until age 20.7 (OR = 3.39), increased until age 23.0 (OR = 4.85), and decreased until the association became non-significant by age 25. Negative affect was positively associated with SAM from ages 20.7 to 23.0, peaking at age 21.8 (OR = 1.36). Positive affect was positively associated with HED from ages 19.4 to 20.4 (peak OR = 1.25) and ages 22.5 to 24.5 (peak OR = 1.38). In contrast, positive affect was not uniquely associated with SAM nor negative affect with HED across ages 19-25.
While HED and SAM were positively associated throughout young adulthood and interventions could target them in tandem, their associations with affect suggest differential etiologic processes. Preventive intervention and harm reduction efforts should attend to psychological context in which these behaviors occur.
我们研究了年轻成年人同时饮酒和吸食大麻/大麻（SAM）与重度间歇性饮酒（HED）以及积极和消极情绪之间随年龄变化的关联，为减少伤害提供依据。
在一个 21 岁以上的成年人可以合法使用酒精和非医用大麻的州，招募了报告过去一年饮酒（n=556；年龄 19-25 岁）的年轻人。参与者提供了 24 次每月重复评估。在至少有一次调查报告过去一个月使用大麻的人中，逻辑时间变化效应模型估计了（1）过去一个月 SAM 和 HED 的随年龄变化的流行率和关联，以及（2）与 SAM 和 HED 相关的随年龄变化的独特关联。
HED 和 SAM 之间存在随时间变化的正相关，在 19 岁时最高（OR=7.56），在 20.7 岁时下降（OR=3.39），在 23.0 岁时增加（OR=4.85），在 25 岁时关联变得不显著。从 20.7 岁到 23.0 岁，消极情绪与 SAM 呈正相关，在 21.8 岁时达到峰值（OR=1.36）。从 19.4 岁到 20.4 岁（峰值 OR=1.25）和从 22.5 岁到 24.5 岁（峰值 OR=1.38），积极情绪与 HED 呈正相关。相反，在 19-25 岁之间，积极情绪与 SAM 没有独特的关联，消极情绪与 HED 也没有独特的关联。
虽然 HED 和 SAM 在整个年轻成年人中呈正相关，干预措施可以同时针对它们，但它们与情绪的关联表明了不同的发病机制。预防干预和减少伤害的努力应该关注这些行为发生的心理背景。
