Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
King's College London Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, London, UK.
Addiction. 2023 Jan;118(1):167-176. doi: 10.1111/add.15996. Epub 2022 Jul 27.
Previous studies have demonstrated associations between substance use and reduced educational attainment; however, many were unable to account for potential confounding factors like genetics and the rearing environment. In the few studies that controlled for these factors, the substances assessed were limited to alcohol, cannabis, and tobacco. To address these limitations, we examined the relationship between adolescent use of seven kinds of substances, the number of additional substances used, and high school noncompletion within a large sample of Australian twins.
A series of two-level generalized mixed effects logistic regressions were conducted to examine associations between adolescent substance use and high school noncompletion.
Australia.
A total of 9579 adult Australian twins from two cohorts of the Australian Twin Registry.
Assessments of high school completion, childhood major depression, conduct disorder symptoms, substance use initiation, demographics, and parental educational attainment using the Australian version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism.
There were unique within-twin-pair effects of use of sedatives (odds ratio [OR] = 22.39 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.18-423.48]) and inhalants/solvents (OR = 10.46 [95% CI = 1.30-84.16]) on high school noncompletion. The number of substances used in adolescence was strongly associated with high school noncompletion across all discordant twin models (ORs from 1.50-2.32, Ps < 0.03).
In Australia, adolescent substance use appears to be associated with early school dropout, with the effects of any given substance largely because of the confounding factors of parental education, childhood conduct disorder symptoms, and use of other substances. Sedatives and inhalants/solvents have effects on high school noncompletion that cannot be explained by polysubstance use or familial factors.
先前的研究表明，物质使用与受教育程度降低之间存在关联；然而，许多研究无法解释潜在的混杂因素，如遗传和养育环境。在少数控制了这些因素的研究中，评估的物质仅限于酒精、大麻和烟草。为了解决这些限制，我们在澳大利亚双胞胎的大样本中研究了青少年使用七种物质、使用的其他物质数量与高中辍学之间的关系。
进行了一系列两级广义混合效应逻辑回归，以研究青少年物质使用与高中辍学之间的关联。
澳大利亚。
来自澳大利亚双胞胎登记处的两个队列的共 9579 名澳大利亚成年双胞胎。
使用澳大利亚版半结构化酒精遗传学评估，评估高中完成情况、童年期重度抑郁症、品行障碍症状、物质使用开始、人口统计学和父母教育程度。
使用镇静剂（比值比 [OR] = 22.39 [95%置信区间（CI）= 1.18-423.48]）和吸入剂/溶剂（OR = 10.46 [95% CI = 1.30-84.16]）的双胞胎个体之间存在独特的内在关联，对高中辍学有影响。青少年时期使用的物质数量与所有不一致双胞胎模型中的高中辍学高度相关（OR 从 1.50-2.32，P < 0.03）。
在澳大利亚，青少年物质使用似乎与早期辍学有关，任何特定物质的影响主要是由于父母教育、儿童品行障碍症状和使用其他物质等混杂因素造成的。镇静剂和吸入剂/溶剂对高中辍学的影响不能用多物质使用或家族因素来解释。
