Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Cancer Med. 2023 Mar;12(6):7470-7484. doi: 10.1002/cam4.5466. Epub 2023 Jan 22.
Cancer is the leading cause of death for Hispanics in the USA. Screening and prevention reduce cancer morbidity and mortality.
This study administered a cross-sectional web-based survey to self-identified Hispanic residents in the state of Indiana to assess their cancer-related knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors, as well as to identify what factors might be associated with cancer screening and prevention. Chi-square and Fisher's exact test were used to compare associations and logistic regression used to develop both univariate and multivariate regression models.
A total of 1520 surveys were completed, median age of respondents was 53, 52% identified as men, 50.9% completed the survey in Spanish, and 60.4% identified the USA as their country of birth. Most were not able to accurately identify ages to begin screening for breast, colorectal, or lung cancer, and there were significant differences in cancer knowledge by education level. US-born individuals with higher income and education more often believed they were likely to develop cancer and worry about getting cancer. Sixty eight percent of respondents were up-to-date with colorectal, 44% with breast, and 61% with cervical cancer screening. Multivariate models showed that higher education, lack of fatalism, older age, lower household income, and unmarried status were associated with cervical cancer screening adherence.
Among a Hispanic population in the state of Indiana, factors associated with cervical cancer screening adherence were similar to the general population, with the exceptions of income and marital status. Younger Hispanic individuals were more likely to be adherent with breast and colorectal cancer screening, and given the higher incidence of cancer among older individuals, these results should guide future research and targeted outreach.
癌症是美国西班牙裔人群的主要致死原因。筛查和预防可降低癌症发病率和死亡率。
本研究通过在线问卷调查的方式，对印第安纳州的西班牙裔居民进行了横断面调查，以评估他们的癌症相关知识、信念和行为，以及确定哪些因素可能与癌症筛查和预防相关。采用卡方检验和 Fisher 精确检验比较关联，采用逻辑回归分析建立单因素和多因素回归模型。
共完成了 1520 份调查，受访者的中位年龄为 53 岁，52%为男性，50.9%用西班牙语完成了调查，60.4%将美国作为他们的出生国。大多数人无法准确识别开始乳腺癌、结直肠癌或肺癌筛查的年龄，且受教育程度不同，癌症知识也存在显著差异。出生于美国的、收入较高且受教育程度较高的个体更有可能认为自己可能患上癌症，并担心患上癌症。68%的受访者接受了结直肠癌筛查，44%接受了乳腺癌筛查，61%接受了宫颈癌筛查。多因素模型显示，较高的教育程度、缺乏宿命论、年龄较大、家庭收入较低和未婚状态与宫颈癌筛查的依从性相关。
在印第安纳州的西班牙裔人群中，与宫颈癌筛查依从性相关的因素与一般人群相似，只是收入和婚姻状况除外。年轻的西班牙裔个体更有可能接受乳腺癌和结直肠癌筛查，鉴于老年人癌症发病率较高，这些结果应指导未来的研究和有针对性的宣传。
