Wan Nik Wan Nor Fazila Hafizan, Zulkeflee Hani Ajrina, Ab Rahim Siti Nadirah, Tuan Ismail Tuan Salwani
Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
World J Diabetes. 2023 Jan 15;14(1):26-34. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i1.26.
Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes, and the degree of resistance influences the glycemic control of patients with diabetes. Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in order to prevent diabetes-related complications and other chronic diseases. Several studies have also linked vitamin D levels to insulin secretion and resistance, given that both vitamin D and its receptor complex play important roles in regulating pancreatic β-cells. It has been suggested that vitamin D supplementation improves vitamin D levels, but further research is needed to confirm this as neither insulin function nor glycemic control improves when vitamin D levels increase. Magnesium is a cofactor for many enzymes. Although the role of magnesium in the management of diabetes has long been evaluated, it has not yet been determined whether magnesium supplements improve insulin function. However, several researchers have found that patients with good glycemic control have high magnesium levels. Magnesium is closely related to vitamin D and is necessary for the transport and activation of vitamin D in humans. Combined supplementation with vitamin D and magnesium improves glycemic control in patients with diabetes.
胰岛素抵抗会增加患糖尿病的风险，且抵抗程度会影响糖尿病患者的血糖控制。众多研究人员致力于提高胰岛素敏感性，以预防糖尿病相关并发症及其他慢性疾病。鉴于维生素D及其受体复合物在调节胰腺β细胞中发挥重要作用，多项研究还将维生素D水平与胰岛素分泌及抵抗联系起来。有人认为补充维生素D可提高维生素D水平，但由于维生素D水平升高时胰岛素功能和血糖控制均未改善，因此需要进一步研究来证实这一点。镁是许多酶的辅助因子。尽管长期以来一直在评估镁在糖尿病管理中的作用，但尚未确定补充镁是否能改善胰岛素功能。然而，一些研究人员发现血糖控制良好的患者镁水平较高。镁与维生素D密切相关，是人体内维生素D运输和活化所必需的。联合补充维生素D和镁可改善糖尿病患者的血糖控制。
