Vinzant Kari, Rashid Mohammad, Khodakovskaya Mariya V
Department of Biology, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 6;13:1081165. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1081165. eCollection 2022.
Though still in its infancy, the use of nanotechnology has shown promise for improving and enhancing agriculture: nanoparticles (NP) offer the potential solution to depleted and dry soils, a method for the controlled release of agrochemicals, and offer an easier means of gene editing in plants. Due to the continued growth of the global population, it is undeniable that our agricultural systems and practices will need to become more efficient in the very near future. However, this new technology comes with significant worry regarding environmental contamination. NP applied to soils could wash into aquifers and contaminate drinking water, or NP applied to food crops may carry into the end product and contaminate our food supply. These are valid concerns that are not likely to be fully answered in the immediate future due to the complexity of soil-NP interactions and other confounding variables. Therefore, it is obviously preferred that NP used outdoors at this early stage be biodegradable, non-toxic, cost-effective, and sustainably manufactured. Fortunately, there are many different biologically derived, cost-efficient, and biocompatible polymers that are suitable for agricultural applications. In this mini-review, we discuss some promising organic nanomaterials and their potential use for the optimization and enhancement of agricultural practices.
尽管纳米技术仍处于起步阶段，但它已显示出改善和提升农业的潜力：纳米颗粒有望解决土壤贫瘠和干旱问题，提供一种控制农用化学品释放的方法，并为植物基因编辑提供更简便的手段。由于全球人口持续增长，不可否认的是，我们的农业系统和实践在不久的将来需要变得更加高效。然而，这项新技术引发了人们对环境污染的重大担忧。施用于土壤的纳米颗粒可能会冲入含水层并污染饮用水，或者施用于粮食作物的纳米颗粒可能会进入最终产品并污染我们的食物供应。由于土壤与纳米颗粒相互作用的复杂性以及其他混杂变量，这些合理担忧在近期不太可能得到全面解答。因此，显然在此早期阶段在户外使用的纳米颗粒最好是可生物降解、无毒、具有成本效益且可持续生产的。幸运的是，有许多不同的生物衍生、成本效益高且生物相容的聚合物适用于农业应用。在本综述中，我们讨论了一些有前景的有机纳米材料及其在优化和提升农业实践方面的潜在用途。
