约瑟夫·李斯特（1827 - 1912）：抗菌外科手术的先驱。

Joseph Lister (1827-1912): A Pioneer of Antiseptic Surgery.

作者信息

Michaleas Spyros N, Laios Konstantinos, Charalabopoulos Alexandros, Samonis George, Karamanou Marianna

机构信息

Department of History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, GRC.

First Department of Surgery, Laiko General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC.

出版信息

Cureus. 2022 Dec 21;14(12):e32777. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32777. eCollection 2022 Dec.

DOI:10.7759/cureus.32777

PMID:36686094

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9854334/

Abstract

Joseph Lister was a prominent British surgeon and medical scientist who established the study of antisepsis. Applying Louis Pasteur's germ theory of fermentation on wound putrefaction, he promoted the idea of sterilization in surgery using carbolic acid (phenol) as an antiseptic. His method reduced the incidence of wound sepsis and gangrene, which, in turn, reduced the need for amputation. By showing how germs could be prevented from entering the wound, Lister increased the safety of surgical operations and laid the foundations for all subsequent advances in the field.

摘要

约瑟夫·李斯特是一位杰出的英国外科医生和医学科学家，他开创了防腐学研究。他将路易·巴斯德的发酵病菌理论应用于伤口腐烂问题，倡导在外科手术中使用石炭酸（苯酚）作为消毒剂进行杀菌。他的方法降低了伤口感染败血症和坏疽的发生率，进而减少了截肢的必要性。通过展示如何防止病菌进入伤口，李斯特提高了外科手术的安全性，并为该领域随后的所有进展奠定了基础。