Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, CEP: 96010-900, RS, Brazil.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2023 Jan 23;76(1). doi: 10.1093/lambio/ovac032.
The Staphylococcus bacteria cause several infections, S. aureus is the major species, expressing different virulence factors. Therefore, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) are nosocomial pathogens, mainly associated with biofilm formation in invasive medical devices. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multidrug resistant (MDR) CoNS are widely distributed in the hospital environment, leading to infections that are difficult to treat. Thus, nanoparticles (NPs) are studied as an alternative in the control of these pathogens. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stand out due to their different biological properties, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, low toxicity, and use in combination with other drugs. Several studies with AgNPs evaluated in-vitro against S. aureus and MRSA validated the spectrum of action of the NPs. However, few studies attempted to explore the response of the CoNS, mainly in vivo studies. Research that explored the in vivo application of AgNPs against these bacteria helped to understand and better elucidate their activity on the skin through different biological models. Furthermore, the application of NPs is a viable alternative for controlling these bacteria, including MDR bacteria, in cases of skin infections by avoiding worsening the clinical condition and favoring tissue regeneration of the injured area.
葡萄球菌属细菌可引起多种感染，金黄色葡萄球菌是主要菌种，表达不同的毒力因子。因此，凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）是医院获得性病原体，主要与侵袭性医疗器械中的生物膜形成有关。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和多药耐药（MDR）CoNS 在医院环境中广泛分布，导致难以治疗的感染。因此，纳米颗粒（NPs）被研究作为控制这些病原体的替代物。银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）因其具有不同的生物学特性、广谱抗菌活性、低毒性以及与其他药物联合使用而脱颖而出。许多研究使用 AgNPs 进行体外评估，对抗金黄色葡萄球菌和 MRSA，验证了 NPs 的作用范围。然而，很少有研究试图探索 CoNS 的反应，主要是在体内研究。探索 AgNPs 对这些细菌的体内应用的研究有助于通过不同的生物学模型理解和更好地阐明它们在皮肤中的活性。此外，纳米颗粒的应用是控制这些细菌（包括 MDR 细菌）的一种可行替代方案，可避免皮肤感染恶化临床状况并有利于受损区域的组织再生。
