Yitgin Yasin, Asrak Halime, Tefik Tzevat
Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
World J Urol. 2023 May;41(5):1229-1233. doi: 10.1007/s00345-023-04277-3. Epub 2023 Jan 25.
Urolithiasis, which prevalence is increasing, poses a risk for chronic kidney disease in patients. Dietary habits play a significant role in stone formation, growth and recurrence. Also, comorbidities and lifestyle changes are among the factors affecting stone formation. The next step should be to detect metabolic disorders, if any, with analyzes to be made after a detailed anamnesis, and to arrange the necessary treatment. Insufficient fluid intake is considered to be the main dietary risk factor for urolithiasis. A daily fluid intake of 2.5-3.0 L/day or diuresis of 2.0-2.5 L/day is recommended to prevent recurrence of kidney stones. Not all beverages are beneficial, and some may even increase the risk of stone formation. Dietary management, vitamins and supplements, physical activity are important components in reducing the risk of recurrent urolithiasis. A detailed dietary assessment is recommended as dietary habits affect the faith of the disease. In this review we evaluated the dietary approach of urolithiasis patients with and without comorbidities, the recommended daily fluid intake, vitamin supplementation, and relation of the urolithiasis with physical activity.
尿石症的患病率正在上升，对患者的慢性肾脏病构成风险。饮食习惯在结石形成、生长和复发中起着重要作用。此外，合并症和生活方式的改变也是影响结石形成的因素。下一步应该是在详细询问病史后进行分析，以检测是否存在代谢紊乱，并安排必要的治疗。液体摄入不足被认为是尿石症的主要饮食风险因素。建议每日液体摄入量为2.5 - 3.0升/天或尿量为2.0 - 2.5升/天，以预防肾结石复发。并非所有饮料都有益，有些甚至可能增加结石形成的风险。饮食管理、维生素和补充剂、体育活动是降低复发性尿石症风险的重要组成部分。由于饮食习惯会影响疾病的转归，因此建议进行详细的饮食评估。在本综述中，我们评估了有合并症和无合并症的尿石症患者的饮食方法、推荐的每日液体摄入量、维生素补充以及尿石症与体育活动的关系。
