中国四个省份非煤矿山工人的噪声暴露评估。
Noise exposure assessment of non-coal mining workers in four provinces of China.
机构信息
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
National Center for Occupational Safety and Health, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 9;10:1055618. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1055618. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to understand the noise exposure of non-coal mines in China to take appropriate controls to protect workers' health.
METHODS
An assessment of non-coal miners' noise exposures was conducted in four provinces in China. Individual noise exposure levels were measured, and the survey on the hearing protector device (HPD) equipment was administered.
RESULTS
423 noise dosimeter measurements were obtained, including drilling, blasting, ore drawing, transportation, winching, crushing, screening and ball milling, and auxiliary (air pressure, pump, and maintenance). A total of 31.9% of the individual noise levels (L) exceeded 85 dB(A), and the median dosages of non-coal miners with high noise exposure were: excavation workers-89.1 dB(A), mill operators-88.7 dB(A), and crusher operators-87.0 dB(A). The noise dose of underground mine workers is higher than that of surface mine workers ( < 0.001). A total of 53.7% of non-coal mining enterprises are not equipped with HPD for workers, mainly small and micro enterprises.
CONCLUSIONS
High levels of hazardous noise exposure are typical in non-coal mines. Noise exposure data can help to develop more feasible noise controls.
目的
本研究旨在了解中国非煤矿山的噪声暴露情况，以便采取适当的控制措施来保护工人的健康。
方法
在中国四个省份对非煤矿工的噪声暴露进行了评估。测量了个体噪声暴露水平，并对听力保护器设备（HPD）进行了调查。
结果
共获得 423 个噪声剂量计测量值，包括钻探、爆破、矿石开采、运输、绞车、破碎、筛选和球磨以及辅助设备（气压、泵和维护）。超过 85 dB(A)的个体噪声水平（L）的比例达到 31.9%，高噪声暴露的非煤矿工的中位数剂量分别为：挖掘工-89.1 dB(A)、磨机工-88.7 dB(A)和破碎机工-87.0 dB(A)。地下矿山工人的噪声剂量高于露天矿山工人（<0.001）。共有 53.7%的非煤矿山企业未为工人配备 HPD，主要是小型和微型企业。
结论
非煤矿山存在典型的高危险噪声暴露。噪声暴露数据有助于制定更可行的噪声控制措施。
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