Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Speech and Language Sciences (CESLAS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Center for Speech and Language Sciences (CESLAS), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 Feb;165:111447. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111447. Epub 2023 Jan 12.
Individuals with speech disorders are often judged more negatively than peers without speech disorders. A limited number of studies examined the attitudes of adolescents toward peers with speech disorders due to a cleft lip with or without a cleft of the palate (CL ± P). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the attitudes of peers toward the speech of adolescents with CL ± P.
Seventy-eight typically developing adolescents (15-18 years, 26 boys, 52 girls) judged audio and audiovisual samples of two adolescents with CL ± P based on three attitude components, i.e., cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The degree of speech intelligibility was also scored by their peers. The study investigated whether the three attitudes were determined by speech intelligibility or appearance of an individual with CL ± P. Furthermore, the influence of knowing someone with a cleft, the age, and gender of the listeners on their attitudes were explored.
A significantly positive correlation was found between the speech intelligibility percentage and the three different attitude components: more positive attitudes were observed when the speech intelligibility of the speaker was higher. A different appearance due to a cleft lip does not lead to more negative attitudes. Furthermore, boys seem to have more negative attitudes toward individuals with CL ± P compared to girls.
This study provided additional evidence that peers show more negative attitudes toward adolescents with less intelligible speech due to CL ± P. Intervention should focus on changing the cognitive, affective, and behavioral attitudes of peers in a more positive direction and remove the stigma of patients with a cleft. Further research is needed to verify these results.
与没有言语障碍的同龄人相比，有言语障碍的个体往往受到更负面的评价。由于唇裂伴或不伴腭裂（CL ± P），只有少数研究调查了青少年对言语障碍同伴的态度。因此，本研究旨在调查同龄人对 CL ± P 青少年言语的态度。
78 名典型发育的青少年（15-18 岁，26 名男孩，52 名女孩）根据三个态度成分，即认知、情感和行为，对两个患有 CL ± P 的青少年的音频和视听样本进行判断。他们的同龄人还对言语清晰度进行了评分。本研究调查了三个态度是否由言语清晰度或个体的外观决定。此外，还探讨了了解唇裂患者的情况、听众的年龄和性别对他们态度的影响。
发现言语清晰度百分比与三个不同的态度成分之间存在显著正相关：当说话者的言语清晰度更高时，观察到的态度更积极。由于唇裂导致的不同外观不会导致更负面的态度。此外，男孩对 CL ± P 个体的态度似乎比女孩更负面。
本研究进一步证明，同龄人对由于 CL ± P 导致言语清晰度较低的青少年表现出更负面的态度。干预措施应侧重于使同龄人对患者的认知、情感和行为态度向更积极的方向转变，并消除唇裂患者的耻辱感。需要进一步的研究来验证这些结果。
