Polymers and Pigments Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Mar 31;232:123394. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123394. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as one of the most fatal infectious diseases nowadays. Several traditional anti-tuberculosis drugs like isoniazid have been largely applied; however, they are associated with toxicity and poor anti-TB treatment. So, the fabrication of new alternative anti-TB drugs containing natural biopolymers for TB treatment has attracted great attention in recent years because of their remarkable features: biodegradability, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Therefore, their medicine is very effective with low side effects compared with synthetic drugs. Our current work intends to engineer chitosan biguanidine (ChBG) nanoparticles as a new safe and high-efficient anti-TB drug using one-pot, green, cost-effective ionic gelation method. The chemical structure of as-formed materials was chemically confirmed using various analysis techniques: H-NMR, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. TEM results have proved the formation of uniformly well-distributed ChBG nanoparticles with a small particle size of ~38 nm. The inhibitory activity of these prepared nanoparticles was investigated against the growth of three different M. tuberculosis pathogens such as sensitive, MDR, and XDR, and in a comparison with the isoniazid drug as a standard anti-tuberculosis drug. The antituberculosis assay results showed that ChBG NPs attained MIC values of 0.48, 3.9, 7.81 μg/mL for inhibiting the growth of sensitive, MDR, and XDR M. tuberculosis pathogens compared to bare Ch NPs (15.63, 62.5 > 125 μg/mL) and the isoniazid drug (0.24, 0, 0 μg/mL), respectively. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the ChBG NPs was examined against normal lung cell lines (Wi38) and was found to have cell viability of 100 % with the concentration range of 0.48-7.81 μg/mL.
结核病（TB）被认为是当今最致命的传染病之一。几种传统的抗结核药物，如异烟肼，已被广泛应用；然而，它们与毒性和较差的抗结核治疗有关。因此，近年来，由于天然生物聚合物的新型替代抗结核药物具有显著的特点：生物降解性、生物相容性和无毒性，因此，它们的药物与合成药物相比，效果非常好，副作用很低。我们目前的工作旨在通过一锅法、绿色、经济高效的离子凝胶化方法，将壳聚糖双胍（ChBG）纳米粒子设计成一种新的安全高效的抗结核药物。通过各种分析技术：H-NMR、FTIR、SEM 和 TEM，对形成的材料的化学结构进行了化学确认。TEM 结果证明了 ChBG 纳米粒子的形成，其粒径均匀且分布良好，约为 38nm。研究了这些制备的纳米粒子对三种不同结核分枝杆菌病原体（敏感型、MDR 和 XDR）生长的抑制活性，并与异烟肼药物作为标准抗结核药物进行了比较。抗结核试验结果表明，与裸 Ch NPs（15.63、62.5 > 125μg/mL）和异烟肼药物（0.24、0、0μg/mL）相比，ChBG NPs 对敏感型、MDR 和 XDR 结核分枝杆菌病原体的 MIC 值分别为 0.48、3.9 和 7.81μg/mL。此外，还研究了 ChBG NPs 对正常肺细胞系（Wi38）的细胞毒性，发现其在 0.48-7.81μg/mL 的浓度范围内细胞存活率为 100%。
