Zhang Leyang, Guo Dingcheng, Shen Junjie, Zheng Yayuan, Zhai Junkai, Li Ruiping, He Dengqi, Zhang Baoping
School (Hospital) of Stomatology Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Front Oncol. 2023 Jan 10;12:1072276. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1072276. eCollection 2022.
PEST-containing nuclear protein (PCNP), a novel zinc finger protein, participates in cell cycle regulation. Previous studies have confirmed that PCNP plays a role in mediating cellular development and invasion in a variety of cancer types. However, the relationship between PCNP expression and the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) requires further exploration. In this study, we used biological atomic force microscopy to examine the histomorphological and mechanical properties of OSCC to explore the relationship between PCNP expression and differentiation of OSCC.
Seventy-seven OSCC samples with varying degrees of differentiation were selected for hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and cellular mechanical measurement. The expression of PCNP and the mechanical properties such as stiffness and roughness of the tissue interface in OSCC samples were investigated. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was utilized to assess the relationship of PCNP expression with patient survival.
The level of PCNP was significantly higher in well-differentiated OSCC than in moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC (P < 0.001). High expression of PCNP was specifically associated with higher tumor differentiation, lack of lymph node metastasis, and lower tumor node metastasis stage (all P < 0.05). Patients with high PCNP expression had a higher survival rate than those with low PCNP expression. The average variation of stiffness within a single tissue ranged from 347 kPa to 539 kPa. The mean surface roughness of highly, moderately, and poorly differentiated OSCC and paraneoplastic tissues were 795.53 ± 47.2 nm, 598.37 ± 45.76 nm, 410.16 ± 38.44 nm, and 1010.94 ± 119.07 nm, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient demonstrated a positive correlation between PCNP expression and tissue stiffness of OSCC (R = 0.86, P < 0.001).
The expression of PCNP was positively correlated with patient survival, tumor differentiation, and mechanical properties of tissue interfaces. PCNP is a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and staging of OSCC. Furthermore, determination of the mechanical properties of the tissue interface could provide further useful information required for the detection and differentiation of OSCC.
含PEST结构域的核蛋白（PCNP）是一种新型锌指蛋白，参与细胞周期调控。以往研究证实，PCNP在多种癌症类型中介导细胞发育和侵袭过程中发挥作用。然而，PCNP表达与口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）发生发展之间的关系尚需进一步探究。在本研究中，我们使用生物原子力显微镜检查OSCC的组织形态学和力学特性，以探索PCNP表达与OSCC分化之间的关系。
选取77例不同分化程度的OSCC样本进行苏木精-伊红染色、免疫组织化学和细胞力学测量。研究OSCC样本中PCNP的表达以及组织界面的硬度和粗糙度等力学特性。采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线评估PCNP表达与患者生存的关系。
高分化OSCC中PCNP水平显著高于中分化和低分化OSCC（P < 0.001）。PCNP高表达与肿瘤高分化、无淋巴结转移及较低的肿瘤淋巴结转移分期显著相关（均P < 0.05）。PCNP高表达患者的生存率高于低表达患者。单个组织内硬度的平均变化范围为从347 kPa到539 kPa。高分化、中分化、低分化OSCC及癌旁组织的平均表面粗糙度分别为795.53±47.2 nm、598.37±45.76 nm、410.16±38.44 nm和1010.94±119.07 nm。Pearson相关系数显示PCNP表达与OSCC组织硬度呈正相关（R = 0.86，P < 0.001）。
PCNP表达与患者生存、肿瘤分化及组织界面力学特性呈正相关。PCNP是OSCC早期诊断和分期的潜在生物标志物。此外，组织界面力学特性的测定可为OSCC的检测和分化提供更多有用信息。
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