Huang Yongliang, Wang Guoxiu, Zhang Qian, Chen Zhanyu, Li Chong, Wang Weimin, Zhang Xiaoxue, Wang Xiaojuan, Zhang Deyin, Cui Panpan, Ma Zongwu
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 10;13:1069964. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1069964. eCollection 2022.
Feeding with a suitable level of milk replacer (MR) can improve the survival rate and stimulate the growth potential of early lambs. However, feeding excessive MR might be detrimental to rumen development and microbial colonization. Herein, we investigated the effects of feeding different levels of MR on rumen digestive function and ruminal microorganisms. Fourteen healthy male Hu lambs with similar birth weights and detailed pedigree records were divided into two groups to receive low (2% of average body weight per day) and high (4% of average body weight per day) levels of MR. We analyzed the effects of the MR feeding level on growth performance, fiber degradation rates, rumen fermentation parameters, enzyme activities and rumen histomorphology. We found that feeding with a high level of MR improved the average daily gain of early lambs, but decreased the starter intake, rumen weight and papillae length. We also analyzed the effects of the MR feeding level on the rumen microbiota using 16S-rRNA amplicon sequencing data. The results showed that high a MR feeding level increased the rumen microbial diversity but decreased the abundance of many carbohydrate degrading bacteria. Several bacterial genera with significant differences correlated positively with rumen cellulase activity and the acid detergent fiber degradation rate. Our results suggested that a high level of MR could improve the growth performance of early lambs in the short term; however, in the long term, it would be detrimental to rumen development and have adverse effects on the adaptation process of the microbiota to solid feed.
用适量的代乳粉（MR）喂养可以提高早期羔羊的存活率并激发其生长潜力。然而，过量喂养MR可能对瘤胃发育和微生物定植有害。在此，我们研究了不同水平的MR喂养对瘤胃消化功能和瘤胃微生物的影响。将14只出生体重相近且有详细系谱记录的健康雄性湖羊羔羊分为两组，分别给予低水平（每天平均体重的2%）和高水平（每天平均体重的4%）的MR。我们分析了MR喂养水平对生长性能、纤维降解率、瘤胃发酵参数、酶活性和瘤胃组织形态学的影响。我们发现，高水平的MR喂养提高了早期羔羊的平均日增重，但降低了开食料摄入量、瘤胃重量和乳头长度。我们还利用16S - rRNA扩增子测序数据分析了MR喂养水平对瘤胃微生物群的影响。结果表明，高水平的MR喂养增加了瘤胃微生物多样性，但降低了许多碳水化合物降解细菌的丰度。几个有显著差异的细菌属与瘤胃纤维素酶活性和酸性洗涤纤维降解率呈正相关。我们的结果表明，高水平的MR在短期内可以提高早期羔羊的生长性能；然而，从长期来看，它将对瘤胃发育有害，并对微生物群适应固体饲料的过程产生不利影响。
