Lv Feng, Wang Xiaojuan, Pang Xin, Liu Guohua
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
PeerJ. 2020 Jun 19;8:e9353. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9353. eCollection 2020.
Early supplementary feeding of lambs before weaning is important to meet their nutritional needs, promote the development of rumen and improve performance. To study the effect of early supplementary feeding on rumen development and the microbiota of lambs, 22 Hu lambs were randomly divided into two groups: one group was fed with milk replacer (group C), and the other group was fed with milk replacer and starter (group S). At 28 days, six lambs in each group were slaughtered, and the rumen content and tissue samples were collected for detection and analysis. The starter significantly promoted the length of rumen papilla ( = 0.03), the concentration of acetate, propionate, butyrate and total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) ( < 0.01), which were higher in group S compared with group C. Group C had a higher rumen microbial diversity than group S. The dominant bacteria in the two groups were the same (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria); however, they differed notably at the genus level. The microbial abundance of the two groups was significantly different for 22 species. In group C, the first three dominant bacteria were , and , while in group S they were , and . Spearman correlation analysis showed that some ruminal bacteria were closely related to internal environmental factors, e.g., the relative abundances of , , and correlated negatively with acetate, propionate, butyrate, and TVFA ( < 0.05), while the relative abundances of correlated positively with acetate, propionate, butyrate and TVFA ( < 0.05). correlated negatively with propionate, butyrate, and TVFA ( < 0.05); correlated negatively with acetate, propionate, and butyrate ( < 0.05); correlated negatively with propionate, butyrate, and TVFA ( < 0.05); correlated negatively with propionate and TVFA ( < 0.05); and correlated negatively with propionate and butyrate ( < 0.05). and correlated positively correlated with NH-N. In conclusion, supplementary feeding of lambs before weaning promoted the development of rumen tissue morphology and rumen microorganisms.
在断奶前对羔羊进行早期补饲对于满足其营养需求、促进瘤胃发育和提高生产性能很重要。为了研究早期补饲对羔羊瘤胃发育和微生物群的影响，将22只湖羊羔羊随机分为两组：一组用代乳粉喂养（C组），另一组用代乳粉和开食料喂养（S组）。在28日龄时，每组屠宰6只羔羊，采集瘤胃内容物和组织样本进行检测分析。开食料显著促进了瘤胃乳头长度（P = 0.03）、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度（P < 0.01），S组的这些指标均高于C组。C组的瘤胃微生物多样性高于S组。两组的优势菌相同（拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和变形菌门）；然而，在属水平上它们存在显著差异。两组中22个菌属的微生物丰度存在显著差异。在C组中，前三种优势菌为[具体菌属1]、[具体菌属2]和[具体菌属3]，而在S组中为[具体菌属4]、[具体菌属5]和[具体菌属6]。Spearman相关性分析表明，一些瘤胃细菌与内部环境因素密切相关，例如，[具体菌属7]、[具体菌属8]、[具体菌属9]和[具体菌属10]的相对丰度与乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和TVFA呈负相关（P < 0.05），而[具体菌属11]的相对丰度与乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和TVFA呈正相关（P < 0.05）。[具体菌属12]与丙酸、丁酸和TVFA呈负相关（P < 0.05）；[具体菌属13]与乙酸、丙酸和丁酸呈负相关（P < 0.05）；[具体菌属14]与丙酸、丁酸和TVFA呈负相关（P < 0.05）；[具体菌属15]与丙酸和TVFA呈负相关（P < 0.05）；[具体菌属16]与丙酸和丁酸呈负相关（P < 0.05）。[具体菌属17]和[具体菌属18]与氨态氮呈正相关。总之，断奶前对羔羊进行补饲促进了瘤胃组织形态和瘤胃微生物的发育。
