Yuan Xin, Zhang Ying, Lin Xiangquan, Yang Xiaohong, Chen Ruimin
Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Pediatr Obes. 2023 Apr;18(4):e13009. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.13009. Epub 2023 Jan 27.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in children with disparate degrees of adiposity, and analyze the association between gut microbiota, glucose metabolism indicators, and inflammatory factors. METHODS: Clinical data were examined in 89 Chinese children. Children with a body fat percentage ≥ 30% were diagnosed as obese, and ≥ 35% in males and ≥ 40% in females were further defined as severe obesity. The composition of gut microbiota was determined by 16S rDNA-based metagenomics. RESULTS: The study population (9.75 ± 1.92-year-old) was characterized as normal weight (n = 29), mild obesity (n = 27) and severe obesity (n = 33) groups. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis found that compared to the severe obesity group, subjects with mild obesity had more prevalent members of the phylum Fusobacteria, the genus Alistipes, and fewer members of genus Granulicatella and Clostridium (p < 0.05). For subjects with mild obesity, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that fasting plasma glucose positively correlated with species A. indistinctus, A. putredinis, and negatively correlated with species Ruminococcus gnavus; LBP negatively correlated with species Clostridium hathewayi, and Blautia producta. For subjects with severe obesity, oral glucose tolerance test 2 h plasma glucose (OGTT2HPG) negatively correlated with the phylum Synergistetes, genus Pyramidobacter, species Veillonella parvula, P. piscolens, and positively correlated with species B. producta, INS and HOMA-IR negatively correlated with the genus Haemophilus, species H. parainfluenzae, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) negatively correlated with the phylum Actinobacteria, genus Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and species B. longum (all p < 0.05). Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states 2 (PICRUSt2) analysis discerned that the glucose metabolism pathway, gluconeogenesis I was curtailed in the severe obesity group. CONCLUSION: The gut microbiota could favourably compensate for glucose metabolism in children with obesity. Genus Haemophilus and Bifidobacterium longum may influence glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in children with severe obesity.
目的：探讨不同肥胖程度儿童肠道微生物群的特征，并分析肠道微生物群、葡萄糖代谢指标和炎症因子之间的关联。 方法：对89名中国儿童的临床资料进行检查。体脂百分比≥30%的儿童被诊断为肥胖，男性≥35%、女性≥40%的儿童进一步被定义为重度肥胖。采用基于16S rDNA的宏基因组学方法确定肠道微生物群的组成。 结果：研究人群（9.75±1.92岁）分为正常体重组（n = 29）、轻度肥胖组（n = 27）和重度肥胖组（n = 33）。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析发现，与重度肥胖组相比，轻度肥胖受试者的梭杆菌门、阿利斯杆菌属成员更为普遍，而颗粒链菌属和梭菌属成员较少（p < 0.05）。对于轻度肥胖受试者，Spearman相关性分析显示，空腹血糖与不明杆菌、腐败杆菌呈正相关，与纤细瘤胃球菌呈负相关；脂多糖结合蛋白（LBP）与哈氏梭菌、普拉梭菌呈负相关。对于重度肥胖受试者，口服葡萄糖耐量试验2小时血糖（OGTT2HPG）与协同菌门、金字塔菌属、小韦荣球菌、嗜鱼菌呈负相关，与普拉梭菌呈正相关，胰岛素（INS）和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）与嗜血杆菌属、副流感嗜血杆菌呈负相关，脂多糖结合蛋白（LBP）与放线菌门、双歧杆菌属、乳杆菌属和长双歧杆菌呈负相关（均p < 0.05）。通过重建未观察状态2（PICRUSt2）分析对群落进行系统发育研究发现，重度肥胖组的葡萄糖代谢途径、糖异生I受到抑制。 结论：肠道微生物群可以对肥胖儿童的葡萄糖代谢起到有益的补偿作用。嗜血杆菌属和长双歧杆菌可能影响重度肥胖儿童的葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素抵抗。
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