Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Unit, Universal College of Medical Sciences, Siddhartha Nagar, Bhairahawa, Nepal.
Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2022 Dec 1;60(256):991-994. doi: 10.31729/jnma.7916.
Acute kidney injury is an abrupt decline in renal function often associated with a decrease in urine output. It is the leading cause of in-hospital mortality worldwide with prolonged hospital stays, the requirement of mechanical ventilation and short-term dialysis. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of acute kidney injury among patients visiting the Nephrology unit in a tertiary care centre.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was done among patients presented to the Nephrology Unit of the Department of Internal Medicine in a tertiary centre from 9 February 2022 to 21 October 2022. Ethical approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: UCMS/IRC/047/22). Data was collected from hospital records and the outcome was recorded in terms of in-hospital mortality and the requirement for renal replacement therapy. Convenience sampling was done. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Among 1848 patients, 113 (6.12%) (5.03-7.21, 95% Confidence Interval) had acute kidney injury. About 38 (32.75%) required inotropes whereas 10 (8.85%) required mechanical ventilation. In-hospital all-cause mortality was seen in 14 (12.39%) of the study population and 20 (17.70%) of the study population required renal replacement therapy. The most common cause of acute kidney injury was infection pneumonia followed by acute gastrointestinal infections were the most common infective aetiology.
The prevalence of acute kidney injury was found to be lower than the studies done in similar settings. It is common in patients admitted with infection. It is responsible for in-hospital mortality.
acute kidney injury; mortality; renal replacement therapy.
急性肾损伤是一种肾功能的突然下降，常伴有尿量减少。它是全球住院死亡率的主要原因，导致住院时间延长、需要机械通气和短期透析。本研究的目的是找出在三级保健中心肾脏病科就诊的患者中急性肾损伤的患病率。
这是一项在 2022 年 2 月 9 日至 2022 年 10 月 21 日期间在三级中心内科肾脏病科就诊的患者中进行的描述性横断面研究。该研究已获得机构审查委员会的批准（参考号：UCMS/IRC/047/22）。从医院记录中收集数据，并以住院死亡率和肾脏替代治疗的需求来记录结果。采用便利抽样。计算了点估计值和 95%置信区间。
在 1848 名患者中，有 113 名（6.12%）（5.03-7.21，95%置信区间）患有急性肾损伤。约 38 名（32.75%）需要使用正性肌力药，而 10 名（8.85%）需要使用机械通气。研究人群中有 14 名（12.39%）发生院内全因死亡率，有 20 名（17.70%）患者需要肾脏替代治疗。急性肾损伤的最常见病因是感染性肺炎，其次是急性胃肠道感染，是最常见的感染病因。
急性肾损伤的患病率低于类似环境下的研究。它在因感染而住院的患者中很常见。它是导致院内死亡率的原因。
急性肾损伤；死亡率；肾脏替代治疗。
