Huang Long-Fei, Xu Xiao-Mei, Tao Yi, Wang Rong-Xin, Zhou Yang-Liang, Xiao Fang-Gui
Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, PR China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Mar;188:114646. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114646. Epub 2023 Jan 27.
Acoustic deterrents are a practical strategy to mitigate the impact of underwater noise on marine mammals. However, their safety and effectiveness are still debatable. This study proposes a controllable acoustic deterrence method to protect marine mammals threatened by underwater blasting noise. The method creates strong-randomness warning signals using nonel detonators and establishes an escape time for animals protected. Combining the BELLHOP ray-based acoustic model with the marine environmental parameters and animals' auditory characteristics, we built a prediction model to establish a link between the acoustic fields and the adjustable source parameters, and provide a Risk zone and Deterrent zone for animals. The simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the root mean squared error between the simulated and measured sound pressure spectral density levels did not exceed 4.5 dB and the coefficient of determination remained at approximately 0.8, indicating that the new deterrent is an effective method with good controllable performances.
声学威慑是减轻水下噪声对海洋哺乳动物影响的一种实用策略。然而，它们的安全性和有效性仍存在争议。本研究提出一种可控声学威慑方法，以保护受水下爆破噪声威胁的海洋哺乳动物。该方法使用导爆管雷管产生强随机性警告信号，并为受保护动物设定逃逸时间。将基于射线的BELLHOP声学模型与海洋环境参数和动物听觉特征相结合，我们建立了一个预测模型，以建立声场与可调源参数之间的联系，并为动物提供一个风险区和威慑区。模拟和实验结果表明，模拟声压谱密度水平与实测声压谱密度水平之间的均方根误差不超过4.5dB，决定系数约为0.8，表明这种新型威慑是一种具有良好可控性能的有效方法。
