电子烟戒烟与燃烧烟草吸烟状态的转变：美国 FDA PATH 研究的纵向发现。
E-cigarette cessation and transitions in combusted tobacco smoking status: longitudinal findings from the US FDA PATH Study.
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
出版信息
Addiction. 2023 Jun;118(6):1161-1166. doi: 10.1111/add.16141. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) can help people to quit smoking combusted tobacco products (CTPs), but most current and former smokers who use ENDS also intend to quit ENDS. This analysis measured whether ENDS cessation among current and former CTP smokers is associated with changes in CTP smoking or abstinence.
DESIGN
Regression analysis of a nationally representative cohort from waves 4 (W4) and 5 (W5) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study (December 2016-November 2019).
SETTING
United States.
PARTICIPANTS
Adults (n = 1525) who reported W4 current or former use of ≥ 1 CTP and either currently using ENDS or quitting ENDS in the past year were included.
MEASUREMENTS
Logistic regressions were performed separately among W4 current and former CTP smokers, controlling for demographic and tobacco use characteristics. First, we analyzed proximal outcomes by testing the association between ENDS quit status and CTP abstinence, both occurring during W5. Next, we analyzed long-term outcomes by testing W4 ENDS quit status as a predictor of CTP abstinence at W5, approximately 1 year later.
FINDINGS
Among W4 current CTP smokers, there was no evidence that CTP smoking abstinence differed between those quitting or continuing using ENDS, both in our proximal [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.90, 2.10] and long-term (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.52, 1.53) analyses. Among former CTP smokers, quitting ENDS was associated with less CTP abstinence in our proximal analysis (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.89), but there was no evidence that CTP smoking abstinence differed between those quitting or continuing using ENDS in our long-term analysis (aOR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.44, 1.67).
CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence that ENDS cessation is associated with CTP abstinence among current smokers, although mixed findings among former smokers indicate a possible risk for relapse to smoking associated with quitting ENDS.
背景与目的
电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS）可以帮助人们戒烟燃吸烟草制品（CTP），但大多数当前和曾经使用过 ENDS 的吸烟者也打算戒掉 ENDS。本分析旨在衡量当前和曾经使用过 CTP 的吸烟者中，ENDS 的戒烟情况是否与 CTP 的吸烟或戒烟有关。
设计
利用来自人口烟草和健康评估研究（2016 年 12 月至 2019 年 11 月）第四波（W4）和第五波（W5）的全国代表性队列进行回归分析。
地点
美国。
参与者
纳入了报告 W4 当前或曾经使用过≥1 种 CTP 且在过去一年中目前正在使用 ENDS 或过去一年中已经戒烟的成年人（n=1525）。
测量方法
对 W4 当前和曾经使用过 CTP 的吸烟者分别进行逻辑回归，控制了人口统计学和烟草使用特征。首先，我们通过检验 W5 期间发生的 ENDS 戒烟状态与 CTP 戒烟之间的关联来分析近期结果。接下来，我们通过检验 W4 时的 ENDS 戒烟状态是否可以预测大约 1 年后的 W5 时的 CTP 戒烟情况来分析长期结果。
发现
在 W4 当前 CTP 吸烟者中，无论是在近期（调整后的优势比[aOR] = 1.37，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.90，2.10）还是长期（aOR = 0.90，95% CI = 0.52，1.53）分析中，戒烟和继续使用 ENDS 的 CTP 戒烟之间都没有证据表明 CTP 吸烟有差异。在曾经使用过 CTP 的吸烟者中，在近期分析中，戒烟 ENDS 与 CTP 戒烟率较低有关（aOR = 0.42，95% CI = 0.20，0.89），但在长期分析中，戒烟和继续使用 ENDS 的 CTP 戒烟率之间没有证据表明有差异（aOR = 0.86，95% CI = 0.44，1.67）。
结论
目前没有证据表明，戒烟 ENDS 与当前吸烟者的 CTP 戒烟有关，尽管曾经吸烟者的混合结果表明，与戒烟 ENDS 相关的复吸风险可能存在。
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