Florsheim Esther B, Bachtel Nathaniel D, Cullen Jaime, Lima Bruna G C, Godazgar Mahdieh, Zhang Cuiling, Carvalho Fernando, Gautier Gregory, Launay Pierre, Wang Andrew, Dietrich Marcelo O, Medzhitov Ruslan
Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Centre for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA.
bioRxiv. 2023 Jan 20:2023.01.19.524823. doi: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524823.
In addition to its canonical function in protecting from pathogens, the immune system can also promote behavioural alterations . The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Using a mouse food allergy model, here we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific behavioural aversion. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus, and central amygdala. Food aversion requires IgE antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote aversion requires leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). In addition to allergen-induced aversion, we find that lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation also resulted in IgE-dependent aversive behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that likely evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
除了在抵御病原体方面的经典功能外，免疫系统还能促进行为改变。免疫系统引起行为改变的范围和机制尚未得到充分了解。利用小鼠食物过敏模型，我们在此表明，过敏致敏会引发抗原特异性行为厌恶。摄入过敏原会激活参与对厌恶刺激作出反应的脑区，包括孤束核、臂旁核和中央杏仁核。食物厌恶需要IgE抗体和肥大细胞，但在肠道过敏性炎症发展之前就会出现。过敏原特异性IgE和肥大细胞促进厌恶的能力需要白三烯以及生长和分化因子15（GDF15）。除了过敏原诱导的厌恶外，我们发现脂多糖诱导的炎症也会导致IgE依赖性厌恶行为。因此，这些发现指出了抗原特异性行为改变，这种改变可能是为了促进生态位选择以避免不利环境而进化出来的。
