Xu Yaxi, Zhang Bo, Zhao Rui, Gao Kexin, Liang Suyun, Wu Yongbao, Hao Yongsheng, Liu Dapeng, Guo Zhanbao, Hu Jian, Zhou Zhengkui, Xie Ming, Tang Jing
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Anim Nutr. 2022 Oct 19;12:215-226. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.013. eCollection 2023 Mar.
This study was to determine the effects of riboflavin deficiency (RD) on intestinal development, jejunum mucosa proteome, cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) profiling, and cecal microbial diversity and community of starter Pekin ducks. Male white Pekin ducks (1 d old, 240) were allocated into 2 groups, with 12 replicates and 10 birds per replicate in each group. For 21 d, all ducks had ad libitum access to either an RD or a riboflavin adequate (control, CON) diet, formulated by supplementing a basal diet with 0 or 10 mg riboflavin per kg of diet, respectively. Compared to the CON group, growth retardation, high mortality, and poor riboflavin status were observed in the RD group. Furthermore, RD reduced the villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of jejunum and ileum ( < 0.05), indicating morphological alterations of the small intestine. In addition, dietary RD enhanced relative cecum weight and decreased cecal SCFA concentrations ( < 0.05), including propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, and isovalerate. The jejunum mucosa proteomics showed that 208 proteins were upregulated and 229 proteins were downregulated in the RD group compared to those in the CON group. Among these, RD mainly suppressed intestinal absorption and energy generation processes such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, fatty acid beta oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, leading to impaired ATP generation. In addition, RD decreased the community richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the cecum of ducks. Specifically, RD reduced the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the cecum ( < 0.05), such as , and . Dietary RD resulted in growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of Pekin ducks, which could be associated with impaired intestinal absorption and energy generation processes in intestinal mucosa, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of intestinal hypofunction due to RD.
本研究旨在确定核黄素缺乏（RD）对肉鸭肠道发育、空肠黏膜蛋白质组、盲肠短链脂肪酸（SCFA）谱以及盲肠微生物多样性和群落的影响。将1日龄雄性北京鸭（240只）分为2组，每组12个重复，每个重复10只鸭。持续21天，所有鸭子均可自由采食RD或核黄素充足（对照，CON）日粮，分别通过在基础日粮中每千克日粮添加0或10毫克核黄素配制而成。与CON组相比，RD组出现生长迟缓、高死亡率和核黄素状态不佳的情况。此外，RD降低了空肠和回肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值（P<0.05），表明小肠出现形态学改变。此外，日粮RD增加了相对盲肠重量并降低了盲肠SCFA浓度（P<0.05），包括丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸和异戊酸。空肠黏膜蛋白质组学显示，与CON组相比，RD组有208种蛋白质上调，229种蛋白质下调。其中，RD主要抑制肠道吸收和能量生成过程，如糖酵解和糖异生、脂肪酸β氧化、三羧酸循环和氧化磷酸化，导致ATP生成受损。此外，RD降低了鸭盲肠细菌群落的丰富度和多样性。具体而言，RD降低了盲肠中产丁酸细菌的丰度（P<0.05），如 、 和 。日粮RD导致北京鸭生长受阻和肠道功能减退，这可能与肠道黏膜中肠道吸收和能量生成过程受损以及肠道微生物群失调有关。这些发现有助于我们理解由于RD导致肠道功能减退的机制。
