Moreno-Quiroga G, Alba-Jiménez J E, Aquino-Bolaños E N, Chávez-Servia J L
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos de la Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.
CONACyT-Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 11;9:1029826. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1029826. eCollection 2022.
The fruits and seeds of Bouché are sources of minerals, vitamins, and functional compounds with nutraceutical and preventive potential against cardiovascular diseases and diseases derived from eating disorders. is native from Mesoamerica and is currently cultivated in temperate zones from Mexico to South America and Asia. This study evaluated the fruit mesocarps of for physicochemical parameters, antioxidant activity, and phenolic compound contents in a collection of farmers' landraces. Germplasm is cultivated by traditional farmers in the temperate zones of two municipalities from Oaxaca, Mexico. The results show that the content of soluble solid contents (SSC), pH, total sugars (TS), and flavonoids are influenced by the fruit geographical origin (municipalities) and implicitly by their agroecological cultivation conditions (Huamelúlpam: SSC = 6.22 °Brix, pH = 5.44, TS = 0.52 mg G g, flavonoids = 1.24 mg CE g; Yanhuitlán: SSC = 6.69, pH = 5.33, TS = 0.55, flavonoids = 1.30). Among populations preserved by traditional farmers, significant differences, and wide variability were found for all parameters evaluated (Huamelúlpam: SSC = 4.9-7.3, pH = 5.5-5.8, TS = 0.4-0.7, protein = 5.8-11.4, polyphenols = 1.9-4.8, flavonoids = 1.0-1.5, DPPH = 4.3-10.6, and FRAP = 4.8-11.8; Yanhuitlán: SSC = 4.3-8.9, pH = 4.8-5.6, TS = 0.4-0.7, protein = 5.0-15.3, polyphenols = 1.9-4.9, flavonoids = 0.8-1.9, DPPH = 5.3-10.5, and FRAP = 4.5-12.6). Eight compounds were identified by UPLC-MS: L-phenylalanine, an amino acid that is regularly associated with proteins; vanillin, a phenolic aldehyde with its functional groups including aldehyde, hydroxyl, and ether; and six phenolic acids: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, vanillic acid, 4-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and salicylic acid, all with potential health effects. The fruit mesocarp has bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity with the potential to both improve diet and to obtain other benefits against nontransmissible diseases derived from food and its associated risk factors.
布歇的果实和种子是矿物质、维生素以及具有营养保健和预防心血管疾病及饮食失调相关疾病潜力的功能性化合物的来源。它原产于中美洲，目前在从墨西哥到南美洲和亚洲的温带地区种植。本研究评估了一批农民地方品种的布歇果实中果皮的理化参数、抗氧化活性和酚类化合物含量。种质由墨西哥瓦哈卡州两个市镇温带地区的传统农民种植。结果表明，可溶性固形物含量（SSC）、pH值、总糖（TS）和黄酮类化合物的含量受果实地理来源（市镇）影响，并隐含地受其农业生态种植条件影响（瓦梅卢尔潘：SSC = 6.22°白利糖度，pH = 5.44，TS = 0.52毫克葡萄糖/克，黄酮类化合物 = 1.24毫克儿茶素当量/克；亚维特兰：SSC = 6.69，pH = 5.33，TS = 0.55，黄酮类化合物 = 1.30）。在传统农民保存的种群中，所有评估参数均存在显著差异和广泛变异性（瓦梅卢尔潘：SSC = 4.9 - 7.3，pH = 5.5 - 5.8，TS = 0.4 - 0.7，蛋白质 = 5.8 - 11.4，多酚 = 1.9 - 4.8，黄酮类化合物 = 1.0 - 1.5，DPPH = 4.3 - 10.6，FRAP = 4.8 - 11.8；亚维特兰：SSC = 4.3 - 8.9，pH = 4.8 - 5.6，TS = 0.4 - 0.7，蛋白质 = 5.0 - 15.3，多酚 = 1.9 - 4.9，黄酮类化合物 = 0.8 - 1.9，DPPH = 5.3 - 10.5，FRAP = 4.5 - 12.6）。通过超高效液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪鉴定出八种化合物：L - 苯丙氨酸，一种常与蛋白质相关的氨基酸；香草醛，一种具有醛基、羟基和醚基等官能团的酚醛；以及六种酚酸：4 - 羟基苯甲酸、4 - 羟基苯乙酸、香草酸、4 - 香豆酸、阿魏酸和水杨酸，它们都具有潜在的健康影响。布歇果实中果皮具有高抗氧化活性的生物活性化合物，有可能改善饮食并获得针对食物及其相关风险因素引发的非传染性疾病的其他益处。
