与涂片阳性病例接触的6岁以下儿童的结核感染情况：伊朗一个高流行地区的研究
Tuberculosis infection among children under six in contact with smear positive cases: A study in a hyper endemic area of Iran.
作者信息
Afshari Mahdi, Dehmardeh Atefeh, Hoseini Aref, Moosazadeh Mahmood
机构信息
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
出版信息
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. 2023 Jan 18;30:100347. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2023.100347. eCollection 2023 Feb.
INTRODUCTION
Annually, tens of millions of children are being exposed to tuberculosisinfection. Note that children are in higher risk of getting infection and sever types of the disease, detecting the factors associated with transmission of the tuberculosis infection and disease to the exposed children is necessary for disease prevention within the community.
METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, 50 children under 6 who were in close contact with 25 smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Sistan-Baloochistanprovine, Iran, were investigated. Demographic, behavioral and clinical characteristics of children and index cases were collected and tuberculosis infection and disease was assessed using the WHO guidelines.
RESULTS
Of 50 children exposed to the active cases, 12 (24 %) were infected to tuberculosis but none of them had active disease. We also found significant associations of the history of diabetes mellitus in the index cases (p = 0.043) and large family size (p = 0.026) with the increased risk of infection among the exposed children.
CONCLUSION
Children under six which are in close contact with diabetic tuberculosis cases in large families are in higher risk of getting infection.
引言
每年有数以千万计的儿童接触到结核感染。需要注意的是，儿童感染该疾病及患严重类型疾病的风险更高，因此，查明与结核感染及疾病传播给接触儿童相关的因素对于社区内的疾病预防至关重要。
方法
在这项回顾性队列研究中，对伊朗锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省与25例涂片阳性肺结核病例密切接触的50名6岁以下儿童进行了调查。收集了儿童及索引病例的人口统计学、行为学和临床特征，并根据世界卫生组织指南评估了结核感染和疾病情况。
结果
在50名接触活动性病例的儿童中，12名（24%）感染了结核，但均无活动性疾病。我们还发现，索引病例中的糖尿病病史（p = 0.043）和大家庭规模（p = 0.026）与接触儿童感染风险增加之间存在显著关联。
结论
在大家庭中与糖尿病结核病例密切接触的6岁以下儿童感染风险更高。
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