Fortin Chelsea N, Moravek Molly B
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2020 Dec;9(4):166-177. doi: 10.1007/s13669-020-00297-7. Epub 2020 Jun 25.
The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of gender-affirming hormone therapy, including the various hormone regimens available, the efficacy and potential risks of these treatments, and considerations for surveillance and long-term care.
Recent studies reaffirm that hormone therapy has positive physical and psychological effects for many transgender individuals. The overall risks of treatment are low. Transgender women may have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism and breast cancer based on recent cohort studies, but these findings have yet to be confirmed with randomized controlled trials. Important long-term considerations include metabolic, cardiovascular, and skeletal health.
High-quality, long-term studies on the effectiveness and safety of various gender-affirming hormone treatment regimens are lacking, but the currently available evidence suggests that it is overall safe and effective with appropriate oversight.
本综述旨在提供性别肯定激素治疗的最新概述，包括可用的各种激素方案、这些治疗的疗效和潜在风险，以及监测和长期护理的注意事项。
近期研究再次证实，激素治疗对许多跨性别者有积极的身体和心理影响。治疗的总体风险较低。根据近期队列研究，跨性别女性可能有静脉血栓栓塞和乳腺癌风险增加，但这些发现尚未得到随机对照试验的证实。重要的长期考虑因素包括代谢、心血管和骨骼健康。
缺乏关于各种性别肯定激素治疗方案有效性和安全性的高质量长期研究，但现有证据表明，在适当监督下总体是安全有效的。
