Ferris C F, Axelson J F, Shinto L H, Albers H E
Department of Physiology, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
Physiol Behav. 1987;40(5):661-4. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90114-4.
Since it is thought that flank marking communicates dominance status, experiments were designed to look at changes in aggression and flank marking behaviors in pairs of male hamsters with intact flank glands (Experiment One) or when one (Experiment Two) or both (Experiment Three) members of a pair had their flank glands surgically removed. In Experiment One the dominant members of twelve pairs of hamsters had a mean daily frequency of flank marks that was over two-fold greater than their subordinate partners, F(1,11) = 17.59, p less than 0.001. Over the course of five consecutive daily tests there was a significant decrease in the aggression index of both the dominant, t(44) = 4.49, p less than 0.01, and subordinate, t(44) = 3.33, p less than 0.01, hamsters. Accompanying the decrease in aggression was a significant increase in the flank marking of both dominant, t(44) = 7.8, p less than 0.01, and subordinate, t(44) = 3.59, p less than 0.01, hamsters. In Experiment Two, six out of eleven flank glandectomized hamsters were dominant over their sham operated partners while the remaining five were subordinate. Unlike Experiment One there was no significant difference in the flank marking between dominant and subordinate hamsters, in fact, in seven pairs the subordinate hamsters flank marked more than their dominant partners. In Experiment Three both hamsters had their flank glands removed, and as in Experiment Two, there was no significant difference in flank marking between dominant and subordinate hamsters, neither was there any significant change in their aggression and flank marking behaviors over the course of the five test periods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
由于人们认为胁腹标记传达了支配地位，因此设计了实验来观察成对的具有完整胁腹腺的雄性仓鼠（实验一），或当一对中的一只（实验二）或两只（实验三）成员的胁腹腺被手术切除时，攻击行为和胁腹标记行为的变化。在实验一中，十二对仓鼠中的占主导地位的成员每天胁腹标记的平均频率比其从属伙伴高出两倍多，F(1,11) = 17.59，p小于0.001。在连续五天的每日测试过程中，占主导地位的仓鼠，t(44) = 4.49，p小于0.01，和从属仓鼠，t(44) = 3.33，p小于0.01，的攻击指数均显著下降。伴随着攻击行为的减少，占主导地位的仓鼠，t(44) = 7.8，p小于0.01，和从属仓鼠，t(44) = 3.59，p小于0.01，的胁腹标记均显著增加。在实验二中，11只切除胁腹腺的仓鼠中有6只对其假手术的伙伴占主导地位，而其余5只为从属地位。与实验一不同，占主导地位和从属地位的仓鼠在胁腹标记上没有显著差异，事实上，在七对中，从属仓鼠的胁腹标记比其占主导地位的伙伴更多。在实验三中，两只仓鼠都切除了胁腹腺，并且与实验二一样，占主导地位和从属地位的仓鼠在胁腹标记上没有显著差异，在五个测试期内它们的攻击行为和胁腹标记行为也没有任何显著变化。（摘要截断于250字）
