French David
University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Population Health, Poultry Diagnostic and Research Center, Athens, GA 30602,
Avian Dis. 2022 Dec;66(4):432-434. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-22-99993.
Avian reoviruses have sole or partial responsibility for a wide range of conditions that are of economic concern to the poultry industries in the United States. It is difficult, however, to determine the exact cost of reoviral-induced disease to this industry for several reasons. Avian reoviruses are ubiquitous in commercial poultry operations, but vary greatly in their ability to cause disease. Many reovirus isolates are not pathogenic, and this contributes to the difficulty in determining their role in production losses or whether they are merely coincidental findings of little or no importance. Results of infection with this virus can be difficult to measure in a commercial setting, aside from morbidity, mortality, or loss of finished product in a processing plant due to condemnation or trim. The fact that there is a relatively high morbidity rate, and at the same time a low mortality rate, makes it extremely difficult to accurately estimate the economic impact of infection with this virus. Variations in the pathogenicity of the virus, the extent of infection within a flock, the blending of progeny from different breeder source flocks into a broiler house, and the lack of separation of infected birds from uninfected birds at processing makes evaluation of economic variables, such as feed conversion and weight gain, very difficult to ascertain. The broiler and turkey industries have been surveyed on the importance of this virus in their respective operations and the results will be consolidated here to consider the economic impact to the poultry industries in the United States.
禽呼肠孤病毒对美国家禽业众多经济相关状况负有部分或全部责任。然而，由于多种原因，很难确定呼肠孤病毒引发疾病给该行业造成的确切成本。禽呼肠孤病毒在商业家禽养殖中普遍存在，但其致病能力差异很大。许多呼肠孤病毒分离株没有致病性，这使得确定它们在生产损失中的作用或它们是否仅仅是无关紧要的偶然发现变得困难。除了发病率、死亡率或加工厂因产品被拒收或修剪导致的成品损失外，在商业环境中很难衡量感染这种病毒的结果。发病率相对较高而死亡率较低这一事实，使得准确估计感染这种病毒的经济影响极为困难。病毒致病性的差异、鸡群内感染程度、不同种源鸡群的后代混入肉鸡舍，以及在加工时未将感染鸡与未感染鸡分开，使得评估诸如饲料转化率和体重增加等经济变量非常难以确定。已对肉鸡和火鸡行业就这种病毒在其各自养殖中的重要性进行了调查，结果将在此汇总，以考量对美国家禽业的经济影响。
