Veterinary Pathology Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Vet Res Commun. 2023 Sep;47(3):1759-1766. doi: 10.1007/s11259-022-10065-y. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
We describe an unusual case of prostatitis caused by Streptococcus canis evolving to endocarditis and splenic, renal, and cerebral thromboembolism in a dog, associated with a Sertoli cell tumour in a cryptic testis and diffuse prostatic squamous metaplasia. A nine-year-old, intact male, mixed-breed dog was presented to a veterinary teaching hospital with abdominal pain and prostration. Physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography revealed an atrophic right testicle located in the subcutaneous tissue. The left testicle was in the abdominal cavity with increased dimensions and irregular contours. Complete blood count analysis showed marked neutrophilic leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. After clinical worsening, euthanasia was performed, and the dog was submitted to post-mortem examination. The main gross findings included testicular malposition with one cryptic and one ectopic testis, enlarged prostate with purulent content, distension of the urinary bladder with cloudy urine, vegetative valvular endocarditis in the mitral valve, and spleen and renal infarcts. Histological examination showed a Sertoli cell tumour in the abdominal testis, diffuse prostatic squamous metaplasia with marked keratinization associated with bacterial prostatitis, fibrinonecrotic cystitis, bacterial endocarditis with marked myxomatous degeneration in the mitral valve, and splenic, renal, and cerebral thromboembolism. Microbiological analysis identified Streptococcus canis in the prostate and mitral valve. Sertoli cell tumour of cryptic testis increases oestrogen production and leads to squamous metaplasia of the prostate, which should be considered as predisposing factors for ascending S. canis infection from the urogenital tract to the prostate. Then, haematogenous spread of S. canis from the prostate to mitral valve cause endocarditis and subsequent thromboembolism and infarcts, all decisive to poor prognosis in this case.
我们描述了一例由犬链球菌引起的前列腺炎病例，该病例进展为心内膜炎和脾、肾、脑血栓栓塞，同时伴有隐匿性睾丸中的支持细胞瘤和弥漫性前列腺鳞状化生。一只 9 岁、未去势的雄性混种犬因腹痛和衰弱到兽医教学医院就诊。体格检查和腹部超声检查显示右侧萎缩睾丸位于皮下组织中。左侧睾丸位于腹腔内，体积增大，轮廓不规则。全血细胞计数分析显示明显的中性粒细胞白细胞增多和血小板减少。临床情况恶化后，对该犬实施了安乐死，并进行了尸检。主要肉眼发现包括睾丸位置异常，一个隐睾和一个异位睾丸，前列腺肿大伴脓性内容物，膀胱扩张，尿液混浊，二尖瓣有赘生性瓣膜心内膜炎，脾和肾梗死。组织学检查显示腹部睾丸中有支持细胞瘤，弥漫性前列腺鳞状化生，伴有明显角化，与细菌性前列腺炎、纤维蛋白坏死性膀胱炎、二尖瓣有明显黏液样变性的细菌性心内膜炎以及脾、肾和脑血栓栓塞有关。微生物分析在前列腺和二尖瓣中鉴定出犬链球菌。隐匿性睾丸中的支持细胞瘤增加雌激素的产生，导致前列腺的鳞状化生，这应被视为生殖道上行性 S. canis 感染至前列腺的易患因素。然后，来自前列腺的 S. canis 血源性播散至二尖瓣引起心内膜炎和随后的血栓栓塞和梗死，所有这些对该病例的预后都很不利。
