Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Relief Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Department of Pain Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 30;13(1):1678. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28931-3.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported to be associated with primary chronic pain syndromes, such as fibromyalgia, migraine, and chronic low back pain. Although idiopathic orofacial pain (IOP) is classified as burning mouth syndrome or persistent idiopathic facial or dentoalveolar pain and as a primary chronic pain, the association between IOP and ADHD has not been investigated. This retrospective cohort study investigated the severity of ADHD symptoms measured using the ADHD scale and the effects of treatment using ADHD drugs and the dopamine system stabilizer aripiprazole. The participants were 25 consecutive patients with refractory IOP referred to a psychiatrist and diagnosed with coexisting ADHD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5. The ADHD scale scores were higher in patients with intractable IOP than those in the general population. Pharmacotherapy used in this study led to clinically significant improvements in pain, anxiety/depression, and pain catastrophizing. Intractable IOP and ADHD were shown to be associated. In the future, screening and pharmacotherapy for ADHD should be considered in the treatment of intractable IOP.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）与原发性慢性疼痛综合征有关，如纤维肌痛、偏头痛和慢性腰痛。虽然特发性口面痛（IOP）被归类为灼口综合征或持续性特发性面部或齿槽疼痛，并被认为是原发性慢性疼痛，但 IOP 和 ADHD 之间的关联尚未被研究过。本回顾性队列研究调查了使用 ADHD 量表测量的 ADHD 症状的严重程度，以及使用 ADHD 药物和多巴胺系统稳定剂阿立哌唑治疗的效果。参与者是 25 名连续的难治性 IOP 患者，他们被转介给精神科医生，并根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册-5》诊断为并存的 ADHD。难治性 IOP 患者的 ADHD 量表评分高于一般人群。本研究中使用的药物治疗导致疼痛、焦虑/抑郁和疼痛灾难化方面的临床显著改善。难治性 IOP 和 ADHD 之间存在关联。未来，在治疗难治性 IOP 时，应考虑对 ADHD 进行筛查和药物治疗。
