Das Taraprasad, Padakandla Shalem Raj, Shivaji Sisinthy, Jayasudha Rajagopalaboopathi, Takkar Brijesh
Anant Bajaj Retina Institute-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Ophthalmol Ther. 2023 Apr;12(2):1109-1126. doi: 10.1007/s40123-023-00660-w. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
The objective of this study was to compare the microbiome in the aqueous humour and gut of people with diabetes mellitus (DM) with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR).
This was a prospective controlled study. The study included 17 people undergoing intraocular surgery in their naïve eyes. Stool samples were obtained in the perioperative period; aqueous humour samples of sufficient quantity were obtained in 12 people during intraocular surgery. Dietary information was obtained using a previously validated questionnaire. The gut and aqueous humour samples were assessed for microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing coupled with QIIME and R software.
Aqueous humour was analysed in 12 people: 4 each healthy controls, people with DM, and people with DR. There were minor differences at the phyla levels, but the aqueous humour microbiomes of healthy controls, DM, and DR formed three distinct clusters on heat map analysis with discriminatory genera. This genera-level clustering was more apparent for the intraocular than the gut microbiome. In people with DM and DR, we identified genera unique to the eye or the gut. There was a consistent reduction in the abundance of anti-inflammatory bacteria in people with DR than DM.
There is a difference in intraocular and gut microbiome regardless of disease or health. Our preliminary findings indicate distinctive features of the intraocular microbiome in people with DR compared with those without it. While this distinctiveness appears more evident in aqueous humour than in the gut, it needs further confirmation with larger studies.
本研究的目的是比较患有和未患有糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的糖尿病（DM）患者房水和肠道中的微生物群。
这是一项前瞻性对照研究。该研究纳入了17名初次接受眼内手术的患者。在围手术期采集粪便样本；12名患者在眼内手术期间获得了足够量的房水样本。使用先前验证过的问卷获取饮食信息。使用16S rRNA基因测序结合QIIME和R软件对肠道和房水样本的微生物群进行评估。
对12名患者的房水进行了分析：健康对照组、糖尿病患者和糖尿病视网膜病变患者各4名。在门水平上存在微小差异，但健康对照组、糖尿病患者和糖尿病视网膜病变患者的房水微生物群在热图分析中与鉴别属形成了三个不同的簇。这种属水平的聚类在眼内微生物群中比在肠道微生物群中更明显。在糖尿病和糖尿病视网膜病变患者中，我们鉴定出了眼部或肠道特有的属。与糖尿病患者相比，糖尿病视网膜病变患者体内抗炎细菌的丰度持续降低。
无论疾病或健康状况如何，眼内和肠道微生物群均存在差异。我们的初步研究结果表明，与未患糖尿病视网膜病变的患者相比，患糖尿病视网膜病变患者的眼内微生物群具有独特特征。虽然这种独特性在房水中似乎比在肠道中更明显，但需要通过更大规模的研究进一步证实。
