The Queen's College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Dev Neurosci. 2023;45(1):1-7. doi: 10.1159/000528911. Epub 2023 Jan 5.
Human neurodevelopment is characterized by the appearance, development, and disappearance or transformation of various transient structures that underlie the establishment of connectivity within and between future cortical and subcortical areas. Examples of transient structures in the forebrain (among many others) include the subpial granular layer and the subplate zone. We have previously characterized the precise spatiotemporal dynamics of microglia in the human telencephalon. Here, we describe the diversity of microglial morphologies in the subpial granular layer and the subplate zone. Where possible, we couple the predominant morphological phenotype with functional characterizations to infer tentative roles for microglia in a changing neurodevelopmental landscape. We interpret these findings within the context of relevant morphogenetic and neurogenetic events in humans. Due to the unique genetic, molecular, and anatomical features of the human brain and because many human neurological and psychiatric diseases have their origins during development, these structures deserve special attention.
人类神经发育的特点是各种短暂结构的出现、发育、消失或转化，这些结构是未来皮质和皮质下区域之间建立连接的基础。前脑（其中有许多）中的短暂结构的例子包括软脑膜下颗粒层和基板区。我们之前已经描述了人类端脑中小胶质细胞的精确时空动力学。在这里，我们描述了软脑膜下颗粒层和基板区中小胶质细胞形态的多样性。在可能的情况下，我们将主要的形态表型与功能特征相结合，以推断小胶质细胞在不断变化的神经发育环境中的潜在作用。我们在人类中相关的形态发生和神经发生事件的背景下解释这些发现。由于人类大脑具有独特的遗传、分子和解剖学特征，并且许多人类神经和精神疾病都起源于发育过程，因此这些结构值得特别关注。
