School of Resources and Environment, And Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
Laboratory for Algae Biotechnology and Innovation, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Apr;319:137987. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137987. Epub 2023 Jan 28.
Many countries and regions have set their schedules to achieve the carbon neutrality between 2030 and 2070. Microalgae are capable of efficiently fixing CO and simultaneously producing biomass for multiple applications, which is considered one of the most promising pathways for carbon capture and utilization. This work reviews the current research on microalgae CO fixation technologies and the challenges faced by the related industries and government agencies. The technoeconomic analysis indicates that cultivation is the major cost factor. Use of waste resources such as wastewater and flue gas can significantly reduce the costs and carbon footprints. The life cycle assessment has identified fossil-based electricity use as the major contributor to the global warming potential of microalgae-based CO fixation approach. Substantial efforts and investments are needed to identify and bridge the gaps among the microalgae strain development, cultivation conditions and systems, and use of renewable resources and energy.
许多国家和地区都制定了时间表，以在 2030 年至 2070 年之间实现碳中和。微藻能够高效地固定 CO，并同时生产多种应用的生物质，被认为是最有前途的碳捕获和利用途径之一。本工作综述了微藻 CO 固定技术的当前研究进展，以及相关行业和政府机构所面临的挑战。技术经济分析表明，培养是主要的成本因素。利用废水和烟道气等废物资源可以显著降低成本和碳足迹。生命周期评估已经确定，化石基电力的使用是微藻固定 CO 方法的全球变暖潜能的主要贡献因素。需要付出大量的努力和投资，以确定和弥合微藻菌株开发、培养条件和系统以及可再生资源和能源利用之间的差距。
