Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
Nutrition and Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
BMJ Open. 2023 Jan 31;13(1):e067787. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067787.
This study aimed to assess the nutritional status and its associated factors among elderly people.
A community-based cross-sectional study.
The study was conducted in urban and semiurban areas.
The study included 620 elderly community dwellers in Southwest Ethiopia from 3 October 2021 to 10 November 2021. Those who were seriously ill, could not get around or were on special diets were excluded from the study.
The Mini Nutritional Assessment was used to evaluate nutritional status and the STEPwise approach was used to collect data on backgrounds and lifestyle. SPSS V.22.0 was used for data analysis. Logistic regression was computed. The level of significance was set at 0.05.
Elderly people who were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition were found to make up 48.1% (44.1%) and 17.4% (14.5%) of the population, respectively. Those aged 80 years and older had a chance of being at risk of malnutrition (adjusted OR (AOR)=22.555; 95% CI: 7.963 to 63.881), while the odds of being malnourished were 11.5 times higher (AOR=11.755; 95% CI: 4.825 to 28.638). Informal education was a significant predictor of being at risk of malnutrition (AOR=6.102; 95% CI: 2.684 to 13.871). Urban dwellers were 8.9 times more likely to be malnourished. Inadequate financial resources make people 3.7 times more likely to be malnourished. A lower wealth index was a significant predictor of being at risk of malnutrition (AOR=4.156; 95% CI: 1.361 to 12.692). Single elderly people had a 3.4-fold higher risk of malnutrition. Elderly people with chronic pain, who were smokers and alcoholics, and who had depression were all at risk of nutritional problems.
The risk of malnutrition and malnourishment was high. Age, urbanisation, finances, education, economics, being a woman, smoking and alcohol are associated factors. Interventional studies are warranted to minimise malnutrition challenges in the study population.
本研究旨在评估老年人的营养状况及其相关因素。
一项基于社区的横断面研究。
研究在埃塞俄比亚西南部的城市和半城市地区进行。
本研究纳入了 2021 年 10 月 3 日至 11 月 10 日来自埃塞俄比亚西南部的 620 名老年社区居民。那些病情严重、行动不便或特殊饮食的人被排除在研究之外。
使用迷你营养评估表评估营养状况，使用逐步法收集背景和生活方式数据。使用 SPSS V.22.0 进行数据分析。采用逻辑回归进行计算。显著性水平设为 0.05。
营养不良或有营养不良风险的老年人分别占人群的 48.1%（44.1%）和 17.4%（14.5%）。80 岁及以上的老年人有营养不良风险的机会（调整后的优势比（AOR）=22.555；95%CI：7.963 至 63.881），而营养不良的可能性高出 11.5 倍（AOR=11.755；95%CI：4.825 至 28.638）。非正规教育是营养不良风险的显著预测因素（AOR=6.102；95%CI：2.684 至 13.871）。城市居民营养不良的可能性高 8.9 倍。财政资源不足使人们发生营养不良的可能性增加 3.7 倍。较低的财富指数是营养不良风险的显著预测因素（AOR=4.156；95%CI：1.361 至 12.692）。单身老年人营养不良的风险增加 3.4 倍。有慢性疼痛、吸烟和饮酒的老年人以及有抑郁的老年人都存在营养问题的风险。
营养不良和营养不足的风险很高。年龄、城市化、财务状况、教育、经济状况、性别、吸烟和饮酒是相关因素。需要进行干预研究，以尽量减少研究人群的营养不良挑战。
