Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Department of Periodontics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Periodontol 2000. 2023 Oct;93(1):153-182. doi: 10.1111/prd.12471. Epub 2023 Jan 31.
Vertical ridge augmentation techniques have been advocated to enable restoring function and esthetics by means of implant-supported rehabilitation. There are three major modalities. The first is guided bone regeneration, based on the principle of compartmentalization by means of using a barrier membrane, which has been demonstrated to be technically demanding with regard to soft tissue management. This requisite is also applicable in the case of the second modality of bone block grafts. Nonetheless, space creation and maintenance are provided by the solid nature of the graft. The third modality of distraction osteogenesis is also a valid and faster approach. Nonetheless, owing to this technique's inherent shortcomings, this method is currently deprecated. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the state-of-the-art of the different modalities described for vertical ridge augmentation, including the indications, the step-by-step approach, and the effectiveness.
垂直骨增量技术已被提倡用于通过种植体支持的修复来恢复功能和美观。有三种主要的方法。第一种是引导骨再生，基于通过使用屏障膜进行分区的原理，该方法在软组织管理方面被证明具有技术要求。第二种骨块移植的方法也需要如此。然而，移植的固体性质提供了空间的创造和维持。第三种方法是牵引成骨，也是一种有效的和更快的方法。然而，由于该技术的固有缺点，目前已经不推荐使用这种方法。本文的目的是阐明用于垂直骨增量的不同方法的最新技术，包括适应证、逐步方法和有效性。
