McKee R H, Plutnick R T, Traul K A
Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., East Millstone, NJ 08873.
Toxicology. 1987 Nov;46(3):267-80. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(87)90208-3.
The EDS direct coal liquefaction process is one of several methods of producing liquid fuels from coal which have reached the pilot or demonstration stage of development. Relatively high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are present in distillate fractions boiling above approximately 370 degrees C, and unrefined coal-derived liquids which contain substantial amounts of material from this boiling range are relatively potent dermal carcinogens. Because coal-derived liquids containing high boiling (i.e., greater than 370 degrees C) material may pose a variety of toxic hazards, efforts have been made to evaluate the potential effects on biological endpoints other than cancer. The present studies assessed the potential for reproductive and subchronic toxicity following repeated oral administration of 2 coal-derived liquids, recycle solvent and fuel oil, which contained substantial amounts of high boiling material. Few biologically important differences were found in any of the experimental parameters. In the reproductive toxicity study, frequency of fertilization and implantation, mean number of live births, fraction of litter surviving through the lactation period and mean weight gain of the litters during the lactation period were not affected by treatment; in addition, there was no evidence of increased frequency of malformation. In the subchronic toxicity study, weight gain was reduced in animals from the high dose groups, but was not significantly different from controls. Liver weights were significantly elevated, but there was no microscopic evidence of pathologic changes. Erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin levels and hematocrits were significantly reduced suggesting a tendency towards anemia. These findings suggested that repeated exposure to EDS recycle solvent and fuel oil at levels of up to 0.5 g/kg per day had no detectable effect on reproductive capacity or performance and did not induce substantial systemic toxicity.
能源部直接煤炭液化工艺是从煤炭生产液体燃料的几种方法之一，这些方法已进入开发的中试或示范阶段。在沸点高于约370℃的馏分中存在相对高水平的多环芳烃，并且含有大量该沸点范围物质的未精制煤衍生液体是相对有效的皮肤致癌物。由于含有高沸点（即高于370℃）物质的煤衍生液体可能带来多种毒性危害，因此人们已努力评估其对癌症以外的生物学终点的潜在影响。本研究评估了重复口服两种含有大量高沸点物质的煤衍生液体（循环溶剂和燃料油）后生殖毒性和亚慢性毒性的可能性。在任何实验参数中均未发现生物学上的重要差异。在生殖毒性研究中，受精和着床频率、活产平均数量、哺乳期存活的窝仔数比例以及哺乳期窝仔平均体重增加均不受处理影响；此外，没有证据表明畸形频率增加。在亚慢性毒性研究中，高剂量组动物的体重增加减少，但与对照组无显著差异。肝脏重量显著升高，但没有显微镜下病理变化的证据。红细胞计数、血红蛋白水平和血细胞比容显著降低，表明有贫血倾向。这些发现表明，每天以高达0.5 g/kg的剂量重复接触能源部循环溶剂和燃料油对生殖能力或性能没有可检测到的影响，也不会引起实质性的全身毒性。
