McKee R H, Traul K A, Przygoda R T
Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., East Millstone, NJ 08875, USA.
J Appl Toxicol. 1995 May-Jun;15(3):159-65. doi: 10.1002/jat.2550150305.
Four process streams derived from the EDS not equal to direct coal liquefaction process were evaluated in two in vitro assays to screen for carcinogenic potential: the Salmonella/mammalian microsome mutagenicity assay and the Syrian hamster embryo morphologic transformation assay. Three high boiling liquids (two recycle solvents, nominal boiling range 200-425 degrees C; and a fuel oil blend, nominal boiling range 200-538 degrees C) were active in both assays. A hydrotreated naphtha sample (< 200 degrees C) was not active in either. The Salmonella data agreed qualitatively with results of dermal carcinogenesis studies; however, quantitative differences as measured by the estimation of mutagenic potency were apparent. The lack of quantitative agreement may have been related to the fact that the dermal carcinogenic activity of coal-derived synthetic fuels is predominantly associated with neutral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas activity in the Salmonella assay is strongly influenced by the presence of aromatic amines and nitroaromatic compounds. Two modifications of the Salmonella assay--detergent dispersion and hamster S9 activation--were examined. These techniques improved assay performance for some but not all of the coal liquids. The differences in response may have been related to compositional differences in the various liquids.
对源自煤直接液化工艺但不等同于该工艺的四条工艺物流，在两项体外试验中进行了评估，以筛选致癌潜力：沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体诱变试验和叙利亚仓鼠胚胎形态转化试验。三种高沸点液体（两种循环溶剂，标称沸点范围为200 - 425摄氏度；以及一种燃料油混合物，标称沸点范围为200 - 538摄氏度）在这两项试验中均呈活性。一个加氢处理石脑油样品（< 200摄氏度）在两项试验中均无活性。沙门氏菌试验的数据在定性上与皮肤致癌研究结果一致；然而，通过诱变效力估计所测量的定量差异是明显的。定量不一致可能与以下事实有关：煤衍生合成燃料的皮肤致癌活性主要与中性多环芳烃有关，而沙门氏菌试验中的活性则受到芳香胺和硝基芳香化合物存在的强烈影响。对沙门氏菌试验的两种改进方法——洗涤剂分散法和仓鼠S9活化法——进行了研究。这些技术对部分而非全部煤液体的试验性能有所改善。反应差异可能与各种液体的成分差异有关。
