McKee R H, Pasternak S J, Traul K A
Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., East Millstone, NJ 08873.
Toxicology. 1987 Oct 30;46(2):205-15. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(87)90128-4.
Direct coal liquefaction is one of several technologies currently under development as alternative means to produce liquid fuels. Relatively high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are present in distillate fractions boiling above approximately 370 degrees C. Coal-derived liquids containing substantial amounts of material from this boiling range were genotoxic in in vitro tests and carcinogenic in mouse skin. Some of the liquids were also teratogenic in rodents. The present report describes studies which assessed the potential effects of 2 coal-derived liquids, recycle solvent (nominal boiling range 200-427 degrees C) and an experimental industrial fuel oil (nominal boiling range 204-538 degrees C) on prenatal development in the rat. The test materials were produced by the EDS direct coal liquefaction process and contained substantial amounts of material boiling above 370 degrees C. Test materials were administered by gavage to pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats from days 6 to 19 of gestation (G). Animals were sacrificed on day 20G and the uterine contents were removed and examined. Results of both studies were similar. The number of live fetuses declined in a dose-related manner, and there was evidence of intrauterine growth retardation in fetuses which survived to day 20G. Statistically significant effects were noted at doses which did not appear to be maternally toxic. The frequency of malformation was not significantly elevated in either study; however, a thorough evaluation of this endpoint was precluded by embryo lethality at the high doses. It was apparent that both of the EDS liquids examined affected prenatal survival and growth. However, in contrast to studies of other coal-derived liquids, there was no evidence of teratogenic effects at non-toxic doses.
直接煤液化是目前正在开发的几种技术之一，作为生产液体燃料的替代手段。在沸点约370摄氏度以上的馏分中存在相对较高水平的多环芳烃。含有大量该沸点范围物质的煤衍生液体在体外试验中具有遗传毒性，在小鼠皮肤试验中具有致癌性。其中一些液体在啮齿动物中也具有致畸性。本报告描述了评估两种煤衍生液体，即循环溶剂（标称沸点范围200 - 427摄氏度）和一种实验性工业燃料油（标称沸点范围204 - 538摄氏度）对大鼠产前发育潜在影响的研究。测试材料由EDS直接煤液化工艺生产，含有大量沸点高于370摄氏度的物质。在妊娠（G）第6天至第19天，通过灌胃法将测试材料给予怀孕的雌性斯普拉格 - 道利大鼠。在妊娠第20天处死动物，取出子宫内容物并进行检查。两项研究的结果相似。活胎数量呈剂量相关下降，并且在存活至妊娠第20天的胎儿中有宫内生长迟缓的证据。在似乎没有母体毒性的剂量下观察到了统计学上的显著影响。在两项研究中，畸形频率均未显著升高；然而，由于高剂量下胚胎致死，无法对该终点进行全面评估。很明显，所检测的两种EDS液体均影响产前存活和生长。然而，与其他煤衍生液体的研究不同，在无毒剂量下没有致畸作用的证据。
