Zimmermann Okka
Department of Social Sciences, Technische Universität Braunschweig (Brunswick Institute of Technology), Bienroder Weg 97, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
Adv Life Course Res. 2020 Mar;43:100287. doi: 10.1016/j.alcr.2019.04.017. Epub 2019 Apr 30.
Prior research has suggested that destandardization is a phenomenon that does not affect all aspects of the life course uniformly. There is, however, no existing evidence from a holistic perspective that different life phases are affected by destandardization differently, even though this is likely to be the case in light of prior research on the pluralization of living arrangements and the destandardization of life course events. This question is particularly salient in the German context, as previous research has shown that standardization has characterized the early life phases in Germany, whereas destandardization has been dominant in many other European countries. Analyses of family life courses in Western Germany using data from the National Educational Panel Survey (NEPS) provide evidence that both postponement and the increasing diversity of union types cause destandardization in later life phases, and that this process is most pronounced during the phase in which individuals often start a family (i.e., in their early thirties). Overall, these findings suggest that the comparative analysis of destandardization in different age spans can help to provide a comprehensive picture of life course change.
先前的研究表明，去标准化是一种并非均匀地影响生命历程各个方面的现象。然而，从整体角度来看，尚无现有证据表明不同的生命阶段受去标准化的影响有所不同，尽管根据先前关于生活安排多元化和生命历程事件去标准化的研究，情况可能如此。在德国的背景下，这个问题尤为突出，因为先前的研究表明，标准化是德国早期生命阶段的特征，而去标准化在许多其他欧洲国家占主导地位。利用国家教育面板调查（NEPS）的数据对西德家庭生命历程进行的分析提供了证据，表明推迟以及婚姻类型日益多样化在生命后期阶段导致了去标准化，而且这一过程在个人通常组建家庭的阶段（即三十出头时）最为明显。总体而言，这些发现表明，对不同年龄跨度的去标准化进行比较分析有助于全面了解生命历程的变化。
