Li Xinhui, McLaughlin Richard W, Grover Noah A
Department of Microbiology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, 1725 State Street, La Crosse, WI, 54601, USA.
General Studies, Gateway Technical College, Kenosha, WI, 53144, USA.
Curr Microbiol. 2023 Feb 2;80(3):93. doi: 10.1007/s00284-023-03193-4.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a ubiquitous multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen commonly associated with nosocomial infections. The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria from painted turtles (Chrysemys picta) living in the wild and captured in southeastern Wisconsin. Fecal samples from ten turtles were examined for ESBL producing bacteria after incubation on HardyCHROM™ ESBL agar. Two isolates were cultivated and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and whole genome sequencing (WGS) as Stenotrophomonas sp. 9A and S. maltophilia 15A. They were multidrug-resistant, as determined by antibiotic susceptibility testing. Stenotrophomonas sp. 9A was found to produce an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and both isolates were found to be carbapenem-resistant. EDTA-modified carbapenem inactivation method (eCIM) and the modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) tests were used to examine the carbapenemase production and the test results were negative. Through WGS several antimicrobial resistance genes were identified in S. maltophilia 15A. For example a chromosomal L1 β-lactamase gene, which is known to hydrolyze carbapenems, a L2 β-lactamase gene, genes for the efflux systems smeABC and smeDEF and the aminoglycosides resistance genes aac(6')-lz and aph(3')-llc were found. An L2 β-lactamase gene in Stenotrophomonas sp. 9A was identified through WGS.
嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌是一种普遍存在的多重耐药性机会致病菌，通常与医院感染有关。本研究的目的是从生活在威斯康星州东南部野外并捕获的彩龟（锦龟）中分离和鉴定产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的细菌。在HardyCHROM™ ESBL琼脂上孵育后，对10只乌龟的粪便样本进行产ESBL细菌检测。通过16S rRNA基因测序和全基因组测序（WGS）培养并鉴定出两株菌株，分别为嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属9A和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌15A。通过抗生素敏感性试验确定它们具有多重耐药性。发现嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属9A产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL），并且两株菌株均对碳青霉烯类耐药。采用EDTA改良碳青霉烯灭活方法（eCIM）和改良碳青霉烯灭活方法（mCIM）检测碳青霉烯酶的产生，检测结果为阴性。通过WGS在嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌15A中鉴定出多个抗菌药物耐药基因。例如，发现一个已知可水解碳青霉烯类的染色体L1β-内酰胺酶基因、一个L2β-内酰胺酶基因、外排系统smeABC和smeDEF的基因以及氨基糖苷类耐药基因aac(6')-lz和aph(3')-llc。通过WGS在嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌属9A中鉴定出一个L2β-内酰胺酶基因。
