Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
USDA, Agriculture Research Service US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 2023 Mar;39(1):93-114. doi: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2022.10.006.
The diagnostic approaches and methods to detect bacterial pathogens in ruminants are discussed, with a focus on cattle. Conventional diagnostic methods using culture, isolation, and characterization are being replaced or supplemented with new methods. These include molecular diagnostics such as real-time polymerase chain reaction and whole-genome sequencing. In addition, methods such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry enable rapid identification and enhanced pathogen characterization. These emerging diagnostic tools can greatly enhance the ability to detect and characterize pathogens, but performance and interpretation vary greatly across sample and pathogen types, disease syndromes, assay performance, and other factors.
本文讨论了反刍动物中细菌病原体的诊断方法和手段，重点是牛。传统的诊断方法，如培养、分离和鉴定，正在被新的方法所取代或补充。这些方法包括实时聚合酶链反应和全基因组测序等分子诊断方法。此外，基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱等方法能够实现快速鉴定和增强病原体特征描述。这些新兴的诊断工具可以极大地提高检测和鉴定病原体的能力，但在不同的样本和病原体类型、疾病综合征、检测性能以及其他因素下，其性能和解释差异很大。
