Tommasoni Chiara, Fiore Enrico, Lisuzzo Anastasia, Gianesella Matteo
Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Aug 6;13(15):2538. doi: 10.3390/ani13152538.
Mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy cattle farms, and it can affect the health status of the udder and the quantity and quality of milk yielded. The correct management of mastitis is based both on preventive and treatment action. With the increasing concern for antimicrobial resistance, it is strongly recommended to treat only the mammary quarters presenting intramammary infection. For this reason, a timely and accurate diagnosis is fundamental. The possibility to detect and characterize mastitis directly on farm would be very useful to choose the correct management protocol. Some on-field diagnostic tools are already routinely applied to detect mastitis, such as the California Mastitis Test and on-farm culture. Other instruments are emerging to perform a timely diagnosis and to characterize mastitis, such as Infra-Red Thermography, mammary ultrasound evaluation and blood gas analysis, even if their application still needs to be improved. The main purpose of this article is to present an overview of the methods currently used to control, detect, and characterize mastitis in dairy cows, in order to perform a timely diagnosis and to choose the most appropriate management protocol, with a specific focus on on-farm diagnostic tools.
乳腺炎是奶牛养殖场最重要的疾病之一，它会影响乳房的健康状况以及产奶的数量和质量。乳腺炎的正确管理基于预防和治疗措施。随着对抗菌素耐药性的日益关注，强烈建议仅对出现乳房内感染的乳腺区进行治疗。因此，及时准确的诊断至关重要。能够直接在农场检测和鉴定乳腺炎对于选择正确的管理方案非常有用。一些现场诊断工具已常规用于检测乳腺炎，如加利福尼亚乳腺炎检测和农场培养。其他仪器也在不断涌现，用于及时诊断和鉴定乳腺炎，如红外热成像、乳房超声评估和血气分析，尽管它们的应用仍有待改进。本文的主要目的是概述目前用于控制、检测和鉴定奶牛乳腺炎的方法，以便进行及时诊断并选择最合适的管理方案，特别关注农场诊断工具。
