The Ohio State University, USA.
Autism. 2023 Oct;27(7):1876-1890. doi: 10.1177/13623613221151095. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
Research about autism is mostly about boys and men, even though many autistic people are girls, women, and transgender/nonbinary. We wanted to learn more about how gender interacts with language skills in autistic people, so we reviewed existing research articles on this topic. We also wanted to know how this previous research talked about gender. Included articles had to measure language skills for autistic people of different genders. They also had to be published between 2000 and 2021. Twenty-four articles met these requirements. We found that autistic girls showed better language skills than autistic boys but worse skills than nonautistic girls. This may be one reason that autistic girls are underdiagnosed compared to autistic boys. If we compare autistic girls to nonautistic girls instead, we can see more language differences and possible areas to target in interventions. This study supports the need to create diagnostic and support measures for autism that take gender into account. Also, only one article mentioned autistic people who are transgender or nonbinary. Researchers who want to learn more about gender and autism need to understand gender diversity and recognize that many autistic people are transgender or nonbinary.
自闭症的研究大多集中在男孩和男性身上，尽管许多自闭症患者是女孩、女性和跨性别/非二元性别者。我们想更多地了解性别与自闭症患者的语言技能如何相互作用，因此我们回顾了关于这个主题的现有研究文章。我们还想知道之前的研究是如何谈论性别的。纳入的文章必须衡量不同性别的自闭症患者的语言技能。它们还必须在 2000 年至 2021 年之间发表。二十四篇文章符合这些要求。我们发现，自闭症女孩的语言技能优于自闭症男孩，但逊于非自闭症女孩。这可能是自闭症女孩的诊断率低于自闭症男孩的一个原因。如果我们将自闭症女孩与非自闭症女孩进行比较，我们可以看到更多的语言差异和干预的可能目标领域。这项研究支持需要制定考虑到性别的自闭症诊断和支持措施。此外，只有一篇文章提到了跨性别或非二元性别的自闭症患者。希望更多地了解性别和自闭症的研究人员需要了解性别多样性，并认识到许多自闭症患者是跨性别或非二元性别者。
