Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital, 2 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland 1023, New Zealand; Department of Radiology, IMSKE, Calle Suiza, 11, Valencia 46024, Spain.
2nd Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G. C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Via San Vitale, Bologna 40125, Italy.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2023 Mar;61(2):219-247. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2022.10.009. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Detailed knowledge of anatomy helps to understand pathologic processes. This article focuses on the anatomy and functionality of the knee, with emphasis on recently studied concepts and anatomic features that have an association with the development of pathology. The most common anatomic variants posing a challenge for diagnosis and other common findings in asymptomatic patients are reviewed. Good understanding of the different surgical procedures helps in providing as much information as possible to guarantee a positive outcome, improving prognosis. We review what are the commonly expected postsurgical appearances and the most common postsurgical complications.
详细的解剖知识有助于理解病理过程。本文重点介绍膝关节的解剖结构和功能，强调最近研究的概念和与病理学发展相关的解剖特征。本文还回顾了最常见的对诊断有挑战的解剖变异和无症状患者的常见表现。充分了解不同的手术过程有助于提供尽可能多的信息，以保证良好的预后，改善预后。我们还回顾了术后常见的外观和最常见的术后并发症。
