Hudeček Martin, Nožková Vladimíra, Plíhalová Lucie, Plíhal Ondřej
Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science of Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia.
Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 18;13:1103088. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1103088. eCollection 2022.
To cope with biotic and abiotic stress conditions, land plants have evolved several levels of protection, including delicate defense mechanisms to respond to changes in the environment. The benefits of inducible defense responses can be further augmented by defense priming, which allows plants to respond to a mild stimulus faster and more robustly than plants in the naïve (non-primed) state. Priming provides a low-cost protection of agriculturally important plants in a relatively safe and effective manner. Many different organic and inorganic compounds have been successfully tested to induce resistance in plants. Among the plethora of commonly used physicochemical techniques, priming by plant growth regulators (phytohormones and their derivatives) appears to be a viable approach with a wide range of applications. While several classes of plant hormones have been exploited in agriculture with promising results, much less attention has been paid to cytokinin, a major plant hormone involved in many biological processes including the regulation of photosynthesis. Cytokinins have been long known to be involved in the regulation of chlorophyll metabolism, among other functions, and are responsible for delaying the onset of senescence. A comprehensive overview of the possible mechanisms of the cytokinin-primed defense or stress-related responses, especially those related to photosynthesis, should provide better insight into some of the less understood aspects of this important group of plant growth regulators.
为应对生物和非生物胁迫条件，陆地植物进化出了多层次的保护机制，包括应对环境变化的精细防御机制。诱导性防御反应的益处可通过防御引发进一步增强，这使植物能够比处于初始（未引发）状态的植物更快、更有力地应对轻度刺激。引发以相对安全有效的方式为具有农业重要性的植物提供了低成本保护。许多不同的有机和无机化合物已成功测试可诱导植物抗性。在众多常用的物理化学技术中，通过植物生长调节剂（植物激素及其衍生物）引发似乎是一种具有广泛应用的可行方法。虽然几类植物激素已在农业中得到应用并取得了有前景的结果，但人们对细胞分裂素的关注较少，细胞分裂素是一种参与包括光合作用调节在内的许多生物过程的主要植物激素。长期以来已知细胞分裂素参与叶绿素代谢的调节等功能，并负责延缓衰老的开始。对细胞分裂素引发的防御或与胁迫相关反应（尤其是与光合作用相关的反应）的可能机制进行全面概述，应能更好地洞察这一重要植物生长调节剂组中一些较少被理解的方面。
