Allendes Francisca J, Díaz Hugo S, Ortiz Fernando C, Marcus Noah J, Quintanilla Rodrigo, Inestrosa Nibaldo C, Del Rio Rodrigo
Laboratory Cardiorespiratory Control, Department of Physiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jan 19;9:1095249. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1095249. eCollection 2022.
A significant percentage of COVID-19 survivors develop long-lasting cardiovascular sequelae linked to autonomic nervous system dysfunction, including fatigue, arrhythmias, and hypertension. This post-COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome is one facet of "long-COVID," generally defined as long-term health problems persisting/appearing after the typical recovery period of COVID-19. Despite the fact that this syndrome is not fully understood, it is urgent to develop strategies for diagnosing/managing long-COVID due to the immense potential for future disease burden. New diagnostic/therapeutic tools should provide health personnel with the ability to manage the consequences of long-COVID and preserve/improve patient quality of life. It has been shown that cardiovascular rehabilitation programs (CRPs) stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system, improve cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and reduce cardiovascular risk factors, hospitalization rates, and cognitive impairment in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Given their efficacy in improving patient outcomes, CRPs may have salutary potential for the treatment of cardiovascular sequelae of long-COVID. Indeed, there are several public and private initiatives testing the potential of CRPs in treating fatigue and dysautonomia in long-COVID subjects. The application of these established rehabilitation techniques to COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome represents a promising approach to improving functional capacity and quality of life. In this brief review, we will focus on the long-lasting cardiovascular and autonomic sequelae occurring after COVID-19 infection, as well as exploring the potential of classic and novel CRPs for managing COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome. Finally, we expect this review will encourage health care professionals and private/public health organizations to evaluate/implement non-invasive techniques for the management of COVID-19 cardiovascular sequalae.
相当大比例的新冠病毒病（COVID-19）幸存者会出现与自主神经系统功能障碍相关的长期心血管后遗症，包括疲劳、心律失常和高血压。这种新冠病毒病后心血管综合征是“长新冠”的一个方面，“长新冠”通常定义为在COVID-19典型恢复期后持续存在/出现的长期健康问题。尽管对该综合征尚未完全了解，但鉴于未来疾病负担的巨大潜力，制定诊断/管理“长新冠”的策略迫在眉睫。新的诊断/治疗工具应使医护人员有能力管理“长新冠”的后果，并维持/改善患者的生活质量。研究表明，心血管康复计划（CRP）可刺激副交感神经系统，改善心肺适能（CRF），并降低心血管疾病患者的心血管危险因素、住院率和认知障碍。鉴于其在改善患者预后方面的疗效，CRP可能对治疗“长新冠”的心血管后遗症具有有益潜力。事实上，有多项公共和私人倡议正在测试CRP治疗“长新冠”患者疲劳和自主神经功能障碍的潜力。将这些既定的康复技术应用于COVID-19心血管综合征是提高功能能力和生活质量的一种有前景的方法。在这篇简短的综述中，我们将重点关注COVID-19感染后出现的长期心血管和自主神经后遗症，同时探讨经典和新型CRP管理COVID-19心血管综合征的潜力。最后，我们期望这篇综述将鼓励医护人员以及公共/私人卫生组织评估/实施用于管理COVID-19心血管后遗症的非侵入性技术。
