Fritsch Dale A, Jackson Matthew I, Wernimont Susan M, Feld Geoffrey K, Badri Dayakar V, Brejda John J, Cochrane Chun-Yen, Gross Kathy L
Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc., Topeka, KS, United States.
Geocyte LLC, Dublin, OH, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Jan 20;9:1039032. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1039032. eCollection 2022.
Pet foods fortified with fermentable fibers are often indicated for dogs with gastrointestinal conditions to improve gut health through the production of beneficial post-biotics by the pet's microbiome.
To evaluate the therapeutic underpinnings of pre-biotic fiber enrichment, we compared the fecal microbiome, the fecal metabolome, and the serum metabolome of 39 adult dogs with well-managed chronic gastroenteritis/enteritis (CGE) and healthy matched controls. The foods tested included a test food (TF1) containing a novel pre-biotic fiber bundle, a control food (CF) lacking the fiber bundle, and a commercially available therapeutic food (TF2) indicated for managing fiber-responsive conditions. In this crossover study, all dogs consumed CF for a 4-week wash-in period, were randomized to either TF1 or TF2 and fed for 4 weeks, were fed CF for a 4-week washout period, and then received the other test food for 4 weeks.
Meaningful differences were not observed between the healthy and CGE dogs in response to the pre-biotic fiber bundle relative to CF. Both TF1 and TF2 improved stool scores compared to CF. TF1-fed dogs showed reduced body weight and fecal ash content compared to either CF or TF2, while stools of TF2-fed dogs showed higher pH and lower moisture content vs. TF1. TF1 consumption also resulted in unique fecal and systemic metabolic signatures compared to CF and TF2. TF1-fed dogs showed suppressed signals of fecal bacterial putrefactive metabolism compared to either CF or TF2 and increased saccharolytic signatures compared to TF2. A functional analysis of fecal tryptophan metabolism indicated reductions in fecal kynurenine and indole pathway metabolites with TF1. Among the three foods, TF1 uniquely increased fecal polyphenols and the resulting post-biotics. Compared to CF, consumption of TF1 largely reduced fecal levels of endocannabinoid-like metabolites and sphingolipids while increasing both fecal and circulating polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles, suggesting that TF1 may have modulated gastrointestinal inflammation and motility. Stools of TF1-fed dogs showed reductions in phospholipid profiles, suggesting fiber-dependent changes to colonic mucosal structure.
These findings indicate that the use of a specific pre-biotic fiber bundle may be beneficial in healthy dogs and in dogs with CGE.
添加可发酵纤维的宠物食品通常适用于患有胃肠道疾病的犬只，通过宠物微生物群产生有益的后生元来改善肠道健康。
为了评估益生元纤维富集的治疗基础，我们比较了39只患有管理良好的慢性胃肠炎/肠炎（CGE）的成年犬和健康匹配对照犬的粪便微生物组、粪便代谢组和血清代谢组。测试的食物包括一种含有新型益生元纤维束的测试食物（TF1）、一种不含纤维束的对照食物（CF）以及一种用于治疗纤维反应性疾病的市售治疗性食物（TF2）。在这项交叉研究中，所有犬只在为期4周的导入期食用CF，随机分为TF1或TF2组并喂食4周，在为期4周的洗脱期喂食CF，然后接受另一种测试食物4周。
相对于CF，健康犬和CGE犬对益生元纤维束的反应未观察到有意义的差异。与CF相比，TF1和TF2均改善了粪便评分。与CF或TF2相比，食用TF1的犬只体重和粪便灰分含量降低，而食用TF2的犬只粪便pH值较高，水分含量低于TF1。与CF和TF2相比，食用TF1还导致了独特的粪便和全身代谢特征。与CF或TF2相比，食用TF1的犬只粪便细菌腐败代谢信号受到抑制，与TF2相比，糖分解特征增加。粪便色氨酸代谢的功能分析表明，TF1使粪便犬尿氨酸和吲哚途径代谢物减少。在这三种食物中，TF1独特地增加了粪便多酚和由此产生的后生元。与CF相比，食用TF1大大降低了粪便中内源性大麻素样代谢物和鞘脂的水平，同时增加了粪便和循环中的多不饱和脂肪酸谱，这表明TF1可能调节了胃肠道炎症和蠕动。食用TF1的犬只粪便中磷脂谱降低，表明纤维对结肠黏膜结构有依赖性变化。
这些发现表明，使用特定的益生元纤维束可能对健康犬和患有CGE的犬有益。
