Liu Haolin, Aviszus Katja, Zelarney Pearlanne, Liao Shu-Yi, Gerber Anthony N, Make Barry, Wechsler Michael E, Marrack Philippa, Reinhardt R Lee
Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.
Research Informatics Services, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.
medRxiv. 2023 Jan 28:2023.01.25.23284971. doi: 10.1101/2023.01.25.23284971.
The protection afforded by vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to individuals with chronic lung disease is not well established. To understand how chronic lung disease impacts SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-elicited immunity we performed deep immunophenotyping of the humoral and cell mediated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response in an investigative cohort of vaccinated patients with diverse pulmonary conditions including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Compared to healthy controls, 48% of vaccinated patients with chronic lung diseases had reduced antibody titers to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigen as early as 3-4 months after vaccination, correlating with decreased vaccine-specific memory B cells. Vaccine-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells were also significantly reduced in patients with asthma, COPD, and a subset of ILD patients compared to healthy controls. These findings reveal the complex nature of vaccine-elicited immunity in high-risk patients with chronic lung disease.
接种疫苗对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的慢性肺病患者的保护作用尚未明确。为了解慢性肺病如何影响SARS-CoV-2疫苗诱导的免疫，我们对一组接种疫苗的不同肺部疾病（包括哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和间质性肺病（ILD））患者的体液和细胞介导的SARS-CoV-2疫苗反应进行了深度免疫表型分析。与健康对照相比，48%的慢性肺病接种患者在接种疫苗后3-4个月时对SARS-CoV-2疫苗抗原的抗体滴度降低，这与疫苗特异性记忆B细胞减少相关。与健康对照相比，哮喘、COPD患者以及一部分ILD患者的疫苗特异性CD4和CD8 T细胞也显著减少。这些发现揭示了慢性肺病高危患者疫苗诱导免疫的复杂性。
