Ozkan Atakan, Çakır Deniz Arca, Tezel Hülya, Sanajou Sonia, Yirun Anil, Baydar Terken, Erkekoglu Pinar
TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara, Turkey.
Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey; Hacettepe University Vaccine Institute, Department of Vaccinology, Ankara, Turkey.
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 2023;42(2):31-48. doi: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2022043467.
Dental implants are medical devices that are surgically inserted into the patient's jawbone by an orthodontist to act as roots of missing teeth. After the implantation, the maxilla or mandible integrates with the surface of the dental implant. This process, called "osseointegration," is an important period to ensure the long-term use of dental implants and prevent implant failures. Metal implants are the most used implant materials. However, they have disadvantages such as corrosion, metal ion release from metal implant surfaces and associated toxicity. To avoid these adverse effects and improve osseointegration, alternative dental implant materials such as ceramics, polymers, composites, and novel surface modification technologies have been developed. The safety of these materials are also of concern for toxicologists. This review will give general information about dental implant materials, osseointegration and successful implantation process. Moreover, we will focus on the new surface coatings materials for of dental implants and their toxicity and safety concerns will be discussed.
牙种植体是一种医疗器械，由正畸医生通过手术将其植入患者的颌骨中，充当缺失牙齿的牙根。植入后，上颌骨或下颌骨会与牙种植体表面结合。这个过程称为“骨结合”，是确保牙种植体长期使用并防止种植失败的重要阶段。金属种植体是使用最广泛的种植材料。然而，它们存在诸如腐蚀、金属离子从金属种植体表面释放以及相关毒性等缺点。为了避免这些不利影响并改善骨结合，已经开发了陶瓷、聚合物、复合材料等替代牙种植体材料以及新型表面改性技术。毒理学家也关注这些材料的安全性。本综述将提供有关牙种植体材料、骨结合和成功植入过程的一般信息。此外，我们将重点关注牙种植体的新型表面涂层材料，并讨论其毒性和安全性问题。
