Ormerod L P
Blackburn Royal Infirmary, England.
Arch Dis Child. 1987 Oct;62(10):1005-8. doi: 10.1136/adc.62.10.1005.
The introduction of chemoprophylaxis with rifampicin and isoniazid in 1981 significantly reduced the incidence of tuberculosis. Between 1978 and 1981 children accounted for 136 of 642 notified cases, and this was reduced to 55 of 418 between 1982 and 1986. This effect was most obvious among children from the Indian subcontinent who comprised 80.2% of the children treated. The incidence among white children was not affected. Few side effects occurred and only two of 339 (0.6%) later developed clinical tuberculosis. Chemoprophylaxis plays an important part in the management of tuberculosis in a district with a high incidence of the disease.
1981年引入利福平和异烟肼进行化学预防，显著降低了结核病的发病率。1978年至1981年期间，在642例通报病例中有136例为儿童，而在1982年至1986年期间，这一数字降至418例中的55例。这种效果在来自印度次大陆的儿童中最为明显，他们占接受治疗儿童的80.2%。白人儿童的发病率未受影响。副作用很少发生，339名接受预防治疗的儿童中只有2名（0.6%）后来发展为临床结核病。在结核病高发地区，化学预防在结核病管理中起着重要作用。
