Building and Construction Techniques Engineering Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
Department of Computer Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Feb 9;195(3):372. doi: 10.1007/s10661-023-10974-8.
This pilot study synthesized the γ-FeO@SiO@ZIF8-Ag nanocomposites via the hydrothermal method to study its potential use in amoxicillin degradation as a novel photocatalyst in aqueous solutions under visible light radiation. Various diagnostic methods were used to determine the morphology and functional structure of the photocatalyst, and the results confirmed its proper formation. Complete degradation of AMX was obtained at a pH of 5, catalyst dosage of 0.4 g/L, AMX concentration of 10 mg/L, and reaction time of 60 min. The efficiency of the degradation was diminished when anions were present in the reaction medium, and the order of their effect was SO < Cl < NO < HCO. Biodegradability (BOD/COD ratio) increased from 0.20 to 0.68 after 120 min of photocatalytic treatment, with a COD removal of 87.54% and a TOC removal of 74.88%. Through the experimental trapping of electrons, we found the production of reactive species, such as hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide (O), and holes (h), in the photocatalysis reactor and that •OH was the predominant species in AMX photodegradation. Comparative experiments emphasized that the oxidation process occurs with the adsorption of pollutants on the surface of the catalyst, and the photocatalyst has the potential to be activated by various light sources, including visible light, UV light, and sunlight, with an AMX decomposition above 88%. The synthesized particles can be recovered after five consecutive cycles with minimal reduction in the degradation rate (< 4%). γ-FeO@SiO@ZIF8-Ag can be considered a promising photocatalyst for use in AMX degradation due to its recyclability, easier activation by different light sources, and excellent mineralization.
这项初步研究通过水热法合成了γ-FeO@SiO@ZIF8-Ag 纳米复合材料，以研究其在阿莫西林降解中的潜在应用，作为一种新型光催化剂，在可见光照下在水溶液中使用。使用各种诊断方法来确定光催化剂的形态和功能结构，结果证实了其正确的形成。在 pH 值为 5、催化剂用量为 0.4 g/L、AMX 浓度为 10 mg/L 和反应时间为 60 min 的条件下，可获得 AMX 的完全降解。当反应介质中存在阴离子时，降解效率会降低，其影响顺序为 SO < Cl < NO < HCO。经过 120 min 的光催化处理后，生物降解性（BOD/COD 比）从 0.20 增加到 0.68，COD 去除率为 87.54%，TOC 去除率为 74.88%。通过电子的实验捕获，我们发现了在光催化反应器中产生的活性物质，如羟基自由基（•OH）、超氧自由基（O）和空穴（h），并且•OH 是 AMX 光降解中的主要物质。对比实验强调，氧化过程是通过污染物在催化剂表面的吸附发生的，并且光催化剂具有被各种光源（包括可见光、紫外光和太阳光）激活的潜力，其 AMX 分解率超过 88%。合成颗粒在经过五次连续循环后可以回收，降解率下降最小（<4%）。γ-FeO@SiO@ZIF8-Ag 可以被认为是一种有前途的用于 AMX 降解的光催化剂，因为它具有可回收性、更容易被不同光源激活以及出色的矿化能力。
