Urban Institute & School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Sci Data. 2023 Feb 8;10(1):81. doi: 10.1038/s41597-023-01989-4.
Japan is a highly urbanized and severely aging society. In an aging society, chronic disease and disability are prevalent, and the population is sensitive to environmental issues and climate change. To identify the effects of population changes, formulate population and public health policies, and assist environmental projects, a high-resolution and accurate gridded population dataset is highly desirable. To provide basic data for research in these areas, we created an open access annual dataset from 2001 to 2020 containing the total, male, and female population counts in each grid at a resolution of 500 m. A random forest method was employed to fill the gaps in Japan's nationwide census data collected in 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The yearly population dataset was based on the 4-level mesh data from the Statistics Bureau of Japan to make it easy to use. The dataset is provided here along with descriptions of the data and methods used in the fitting, cross-validation, and prediction processes.
日本是一个高度城市化和严重老龄化的社会。在老龄化社会中，慢性病和残疾较为普遍，且人口对环境问题和气候变化较为敏感。为了明确人口变化的影响，制定人口和公共卫生政策，并辅助环境项目，我们非常需要一个高分辨率且准确的网格化人口数据集。为了给这些领域的研究提供基础数据，我们创建了一个开放获取的年度数据集，涵盖了 2001 年至 2020 年的总人数、男性人数和女性人数，分辨率为 500 米，网格大小为 500 米。我们采用随机森林方法填补了 2005 年、2010 年、2015 年和 2020 年日本全国人口普查数据中的空白。该年度人口数据集基于日本统计局的 4 级网格数据，便于使用。本数据集提供了数据和拟合、交叉验证和预测过程中使用的方法的描述。
